Nazism and chauvinism. These two concepts are often confused due to the proximity of their interpretation, but if you dig deeper, you can note the obvious differences in them, which are due, primarily, to their historical origins.
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Nazism is the worldview underlyingsuch a form of social order as National Socialism. One of the most iconic figures of the nationalist movement, no doubt, was Adolf Hitler. He described in detail the main postulates of nationalism in his book My Struggle, among them anti-Semitism, the superiority of the Nordic race over all others (ie racism), the desire to solve foreign policy tasks by military means (ie militarism), the rejection of democratic, as well as any other political ideas (ie totalitarianism). According to the Fuhrer, the race and the state are a single whole, and therefore it is better not to try to talk about such nonsense as tolerance, freedom of choice and independence of thinking with the Nazis. The traits of any Nazi include a worldview that combines extreme nationalism with exceptional racism; belief in an idea that calls your race / nationality / nationality of the chosen (and, in this connection, the only worthy existence); approving attitude towards the totalitarian state system.
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Chauvinism is an ideology that goes hand in hand withNazism. But if Nazism concentrates on the superiority of one nation over another, chauvinism - on the insignificance of all others in comparison with a particular nation or individual. In addition, chauvinism can be called a more particular case, sowing seeds of Nazism in society: if you collect a few people preaching chauvinistic ideas, then you will get an extremely nationalist-minded mass. Chauvinism has several varieties: masculine, chauvinism, female chauvinism, linguistic chauvinism, racial chauvinism (racism), religious chauvinism, etc. In other words, the chauvinist determines the certainty that, on the fact of belonging to a certain gender, nationality, race or, for example, a musical subculture, he has the right to humiliate others for their non-belonging to a particular group.
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So, Nazism is a world view, chauvinism isideology. However, it seems that the roots of both phenomena grow from one source - intolerance, and with it self-doubt, and dissatisfaction with one's own life, with the desire to blame others for their failures, and the fear to look at their own mistakes (not to mention trying fix them). Each of the concepts is characterized by a great deal of intolerance towards the race, group, nation, and the like.
Tip 2: What is chauvinism
Chauvinism is thoughts and ideas that preachthe domination of one nation and disregard for others, the recognition of one's nationality is superior to all others. This aggressive ideology has nothing to do with patriotism. Fascism became the most terrible manifestation of chauvinism, which turned into the death of tens of millions of people.
This word is of French origin,on behalf of Shoven. This was the name of the soldier of the army of Napoleon, who was an ardent supporter of Bonapartism. Nikola Shovan remained faithful to his emperor, despite persecution, poverty, insults. He idolized Napoleon and was ready to fight for him with the whole world. Shovno was so distinguished by his patriotic attitude and love for the emperor that he became the prototype of the hero in the play "The Soldier-Lander" and in the comedy "The Three-colored Cockade", thanks to which his name became a household name. Thus, the name of a simple soldier has become a term widely used not only in French, but also in many other languages. Chauvinism in the modern sense is the ideology of aggressive nationalism, a policy of national exclusivity and superiority. The chauvinists, elevating their nation, allow themselves to humiliate the representatives of other nationalities, to the fore they get hatred for strangers, not love for their own. The ideologists of chauvinism, unlike the adherents of nationalism, who recognize the equality of all peoples, always endow their own nation with special rights. Chauvinistic politics is particularly prevalent in underdeveloped countries and regions in which peoples absolutize their national interests and sentiments. The lack of a political and common culture makes such chauvinists very dangerous participants in social and political life. Chauvinism is most dangerous when it becomes the official ideology of the ruling party or even state policy, for example, Germany in the 30-40s. This term can also be used to refer to the theory of gender superiority. These are social stereotypes, beliefs that one sex is better than another, and thereby justifying the inequality of men and women. More recently, these views are more often called sexism. Male chauvinism is the most common form of sexism. It is based on the following principles: a man is always right only after the birth of a man; A man is more important and more intelligent than a woman, because man's logic is based on reason; the word of a man is a law for a woman. Particularly common male chauvinism in the East, where a woman has never had equal rights with a man.
Council 3: What is the difference between Nazism and nationalism
Only 70 years ago, the world swept overThe Great Patriotic War, but today the followers of the Fuehrer declare their claims to political power. They are trying, under the guise of nationalists, to get into parliaments and cabinet ministers, claiming that they are really pursuing the interests of the people. So, what are they all the same nationalists are different from the Nazis.
What is Nazism and nationalism?
Nazism is a political ideologyNational Socialism, in which the socialist structure of society and state is closely intertwined with extreme nationalistic and racist ideas. Such an ideology makes it possible to assert the superiority of one people over others, as well as to justify ethnic wars and racial discrimination. Important attributes of Nazism are the abandonment of the market economy, totalitarianism, the introduction of universal military service, an atmosphere of unanimity and total intolerance. Nationalism is a political trend, an important principle of which is the protection of the nation and the observance of its interests. At the same time, the people can be united either by the principle of "one blood", or by the principle of "one faith", "one land". Political ideology protects the interests of the nation and yet it does not always assert its superiority over other nations.What is the difference between Nazism and nationalism
Moderate nationalism makes it possibleIdentify a social or ethnic group among the others, respect its interests, and organize fairly effective management. In turn, Nazism is more aggressive, its main plans include the spread of only one biological group, allegedly possessing some kind of superiority over the others. This ideology asserts that the ethnic perfection of one people gives it the "right" to oppress others, including to their complete annihilation. Nationalism refers to representatives of other peoples more tolerant. In addition, it can be formed according to religious (Islamist states) or territorial (United States) principle. Nationalism does not always contradict the market economy, freedom of thought and freedom of speech. He can well cope with constructive criticism. National Socialism is the ideology of a totalitarian state, in which there is no talk of personal freedom of citizens. Summing up, it can be said that the difference between Nazism and nationalism is in the following aspects. Identifying the ethnic group. The ideology of Nazism puts at the bottom of the corner only biological origin, and nationalism - and religion, the unity of views. Relation to other peoples. Nazism carries the idea of superiority of one people over others, racial discrimination. Nationalism to foreign ethnic groups is relatively tolerant, but does not seek to merge with them. The state structure. Nazism is always totalitarian, it seeks the complete destruction of other parties. Nationalism can manifest itself in a variety of political forms, from authoritarianism to democracy. Despite the fact that nationalism is more flexible and tolerant than Nazism, it is also not ideal and is criticized. For example, Albert Einstein spoke about him like this: "Nationalism is a childhood disease. This is the measles of humanity. "
