Tip 1: How to accrue depreciation on an intangible asset
Tip 1: How to accrue depreciation on an intangible asset
Amortization is a process in whicheconomy of the enterprise, during which there is a gradual transfer of the value of intangible assets to the cost of works, products or services. Accrual of depreciation is made on the basis of the accounting policy of the enterprise and the chosen method of calculation.
Instructions
1
Determine the useful lifeintangible asset. Analyze the time during which the use of the object will generate revenue. Calculate the validity period of the certificate, patent or other document that confirms, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, the right to use intellectual property. Calculate the number of products or other natural indicator of the amount of work that is expected to be obtained from the use of the intangible asset.
2
Calculate the monthly depreciation rateIntangible asset according to the accounting policy of the enterprise. If a linear method of accrual is chosen, then this value is determined inversely proportional to the useful life. The method of reducing the balance calculates depreciation on the basis of the residual value of the object at the beginning of the year and the depreciation rate determined by the linear method. Wear by way of write-off is determined by the natural indicator of the volume of production and the ratio of the initial value of the NMA and the planned volume of production for the entire period of use of the facility.
3
Calculate depreciation for intangible objectsassets from the 1st day of the next month after the adoption of the NMA in accounting. In this case, the method of saving or reducing the initial cost can be used.
4
Reflect the accrued amortization of the intangibleAsset using the method of accumulation in accounting on the credit account 05 "Amortization of intangible assets" and debit account 20 "Major production" or account 26 "General business expenses." If the depreciation method is used to calculate depreciation, the depreciation amount is reflected on the credit of account 04 Intangible Assets in correspondence with a score of 20 or 26.
Tip 2: How to choose the way to calculate depreciation
Amortization is a processtransferring the value of fixed assets in parts to the value of the products produced with their help. The choice of the method for calculating depreciation will depend on the purposes of accounting and on the specifics of the work of the organization.
Instructions
1
In the course of production activitiesenterprises use fixed and current assets. The main assets are machines, machines, equipment, all these assets can be used for several years, but in the course of active operation they gradually wear out and become obsolete. To compensate for depreciation of fixed assets, the organization must make depreciation charges.
2
To accrue depreciation, it is necessarypreliminary: - determine the initial value of the asset: - set the useful life for the asset - select a reasonable method of calculating depreciation. In accordance with Russian accounting standards, there are four ways to calculate depreciation, the organization itself has the right to choose the method that will suit it.
3
Linear method allows you to make amortizationdeductions evenly throughout the life of the asset. This method is used most often, because it allows you to maximize the balance between accounting and tax accounting, simplify the work of the accountant and the technical process of accounting. But the application of the linear method is not always justified, since very often the main means can be used unevenly during the period of its operation.
4
In some cases, depreciation canaccrue based on natural indicators. For example, with the depreciation of a car, accruals can be made based on its mileage. To do this, a method is used to write off the value of the fixed asset in proportion to the volume of output or work performed.
5
If the goal is a quick update of the mainfunds of the enterprise, it is most reasonable to choose accelerated methods of depreciation, they allow to write off the greater part of the asset value in the first periods of depreciation charge. Such methods include the method of the reduced balance and the method of writing-off for the sum of the numbers of years of useful life.
