Tip 1: How to determine the quality of sapphires
Tip 1: How to determine the quality of sapphires
The term "sapphire" refers to a varietycorundum of all shades, except red (red corundums are called rubies). Nevertheless, when one speaks of sapphire, they usually mean a stone of blue color. The cut sapphires are classified as precious stones of the highest category, in Russia they are equated to currency values. The quality of sapphires is determined by the following categories: color, purity, weight and cut quality. These parameters should be indicated on jewelry tags with sapphires.
Instructions
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ColorThe color of sapphire is determinedspecialists-gemologists visually, when compared with the reference specimens. It is characterized by a combination of color tone, saturation and lightness. The main color tone of the stone is pure spectral blue, the admissible secondary shades are purple and green. Sapphires are also classified into five lightness categories and three color saturation categories. However, for commercial purposes, a simplified classification of sapphires by color is usually used, which provides for only three groups. The first is bright blue sapphires; the second - medium-blue sapphires; the third is light blue sapphires.
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Purity The purity of sapphire is also determinedvisually, with the naked eye and with the help of a magnifying glass with a 10-fold magnification. Four groups of cleanliness were adopted. The first is practically perfectly transparent sapphires without defects or with single fine defects, which are noticeable only at a significant increase. The second is transparent stones with a few small defects and natural inclusions that are not visible to the naked eye. The third is sapphires with a partial loss of transparency, with defects and inclusions that are very clearly visible even to the naked eye. The fourth one is sapphires with a noticeable or total loss of transparency, with numerous, clearly discernible defects and inclusions (or single defects, but very large ones).
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Weight of sapphires is measured in carats (1 caratis 200 mg). Small stones up to 1-2 carats are encountered quite often. Large sapphires of 5 carats are considered large. They are very rare. The cost of 1 carat weight of this stone, depending on its color and purity, can reach 4000 dollars.
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Cutting the main methods of cutting sapphires -facet and cabochon. Of the facetted fences, the most common is the round one, but often also the fantasy ones: "heart", "emerald", "marquis", "oval" and "pear". Cabochon - a method of cutting, in which the stone is given a round or oval shape with a convex polished surface. In this way, sapphires are processed with a significant loss of transparency and a large number of defects. Cutting a cabochon of opaque sapphires with needle inclusions of rutile mineral (the so-called "star" sapphires) makes it possible to reveal the asterism effect - the appearance of a star gliding along the surface with 6 or 12 beams.
Tip 2: How to determine the quality of precious stones
One of the main problems facing a person,who decided to purchase jewelry - is the definition of the quality of the gemstone that is part of its design. The best way to do this is to make a professional jeweler or gemologist. But the opportunity to turn to a specialist is not everyone. Therefore, in order not to run into a rough fake, you need to know the main features of quality gemstones.
Instructions
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To determine quality precious stone, be sure to take it inarms. If to the touch it is pretty cool, then the probability that the real jewel is before you is great. Counterfeits, as a rule, heat up very quickly in the hands.
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Choosing a piece of jewelry with an emerald,Armed with a 10-fold magnifier. It will help you to carefully see the pattern in the structure of the gem. If, when you lift a magnifying glass to a stone, you will see perfectly parallel parallel lines, spiral patterns or tubular patterns - in front of you a synthetic counterfeit. In a true qualitative emerald, a structural pattern is a parallel line, but not as ordered as a fake. In addition, remember that the more transparent the emerald, the higher it is quality.
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If you decide to purchase, for example, a ring withruby, pay attention to the color of the stone. A saturated bloody ruby must always alert you. Such precious stones are a rarity. Look at the ruby under the magnifying glass. Pay attention to the transparency of the gem. If it is uneven, refuse to buy. Either this ruby has a very low quality, or it is a fake. The price of a high quality ruby is close to the value of a diamond.
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Choosing topaz, carefully consider it. A natural high quality gemstone, as a rule, has small defects and various inclusions. Crystal topaz is probably a synthetic counterfeit. In addition, these precious stones are very smooth, even slippery.
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Identify quality sapphire is much more difficult, due to the fact that the modern market of precious stones represents a huge number of syntheticsapphires. Natural quality stone to the touch is cold, and its structure is clean. But when considering artificial sapphires with a magnifying glass you can notice gas bubbles, tiny gold and platinum inclusions, color zoning and other various microstructures.
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Identify quality You can amber it by rubbing it with a woolen cloth. A good precious stone will surely start beating and drawing dust and threads to it.
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When choosing pearls, try it "on the tooth." A high quality jewel will creak, and a low-quality or fake pearl is not.
Tip 3: How to identify a real sapphire
Sapphire - a precious stone, which is famous for attracting cornflower blue color due to the combination of iron and titanium in it. In ancient times they were adorned with clothes of priests and noble masters. Sapphire is in demand in our days. How to distinguish a real stone from a fake?
Instructions
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By color and inner content on sapphiresimilar are such natural stones as tanzanite and blue spinel. Visually, they can not be distinguished. For this, there is a special device that measures the refraction of light. It is called a refractometer. With its help determine the authenticity of some precious stones. If you measure the refraction of light in sapphire, then the indicator will be equal to 1, 76, for tanzanite - 1.7, for blue spinel - 1, 72. After measurement, be sure to look at the stone in the profile. If the stone has the same color from above and below, then it is real.
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Sapphire is the second hardest stone after diamond,so similar to his jewelry does not go with him in comparison. Like sapphire, many stones have a rich blue color. But, for example, spinel - too dark to be confused with it, tanzanite slightly reddish shade, and aquamarine in color resembles a sea wave.
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A natural stone must be visuallydistinguishable natural particles (inclusions). Scammers in large volumes create synthetic counterfeits of sapphire, which are several times cheaper. In such stones, instead of inclusions of a natural nature, under a magnifying glass one can see gas bubbles. In real sapphires, they do not exist. In a counterfeit, there may also be particles of flux or copper. And yet, do not rely entirely on your own vigilance. To distinguish natural sapphire from counterfeiting only a specialist is capable.
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Sapphire is one of those gems thathave a high purity. But the complete absence of inclusions indicates that you are trying to sell a synthetic counterfeit. When choosing an ornament with a sapphire, note whether or not the IF level (purity) of this stone is fixed somewhere. The fact is that it is not defined for sapphires, and if the seller indicates to you specific data, then it does not sell natural stone.
Tip 4: How to determine the authenticity of sapphire
Tip 5: How to determine the brand of watches
Surely many respectable people dreamsupplement your image and emphasize the status of an interesting expensive accessory, for example, the original watch. But not everyone can afford a Swiss or Japanese watch.
Instructions
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Purchase a watch in the company store. Here you do not have to worry about the authenticity and quality of a particular model. If you, for example, have not once held a real Swiss watch, then you can easily determine their authenticity. Brand watches are made from expensive materials (gold, platinum) and encrusted with precious stones. The price of such hours starts from 20,000 rubles.
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In a specialized store, choose yourselfquality replica (copy). Such copies can be very difficult to distinguish with an external examination, because they exactly repeat the design and shape of the original, engraving and all brand names. They are made from more accessible, but from this not less qualitative materials (as a rule, these are qualitative metal alloys or gold plating, sapphires and mineral glass). Exact copies of the original hours can cost from 3 to 10 thousand rubles (the main advantage of quality replicas).
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Pay attention to the seller's knowledge of the exhaustive information on the brand of the manufacturer and the mechanism hours. Ask the seller for a certificate of quality. Carefully study the manufacturer's specification of the hardware and parts of the mechanism. In the certificate of Swiss hours Should be labeled Swiss Movement or Swiss Made or the name of the master should be indicated. A quality guarantee must also be attached.
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Before the purchase hours study the detailed description of the mechanism andcarefully look at their image. Thus, it will be easier for you to compare the original and the fake and find the differences. For example, swipe your finger on the stones with which the watch is encrusted. In the original Swiss or Japanese models, diamonds are planted to one depth, and the finger does not feel any protruding or failed stones.
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If you doubt the name of the brand and originality hoursgo to a specialist for assistance.
Tip 6: What determines the color of sapphires
Sapphire is a transparent stone, formedwith aluminum oxide. He is one of the most beloved among women, because the noble tone and variety of cuts make it truly beautiful. Its rich color is due to the combination of iron and titanium in it.
Instructions
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If the sapphire is irradiated, its coloring becomes stronger, and if it is heated, the color fades. And in ultraviolet light, the stone flickers green.
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Sapphirius in Latin means"blue". This color is obtained when a pair of Ti3 + -Fe3 + is present in the sapphire. If Fe2 + predominates in the composition in large amounts, the stone acquires a greenish tinge. Violet color appears when entering into the composition of vanadium. A cat's eye or asterism happens when rutile needles are included in the sapphire.
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Also, the color and even the cost of the stone is affectedplace of its origin. The best sapphires come from Kashmir, and since there are very few of them in Kashmir, the price of such stones is high. The color of the Kashmir sapphire is simply beautiful - velvety medium blue, sometimes with a shade of the color of the sea wave.
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Sapphires, originally from Burma, are also considered veryquality, they have an ultramarine blue color. In Sri Lanka, more pale, and sometimes completely colorless stones are mined. Both Burmese and Sri Lankan minerals have white needles inside themselves, which are called "silk". Just "silk" and points to the natural origin of the stone, to its naturalness.
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Sapphires mined in Thailand have a rich dark blue color. Good sapphires are mined in Cambodia. The cheapest and darkest stones, which sometimes seem even black, are mined in Australia.
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Sapphires also happen, it would seem, absolutely notcharacteristic for this stone colors: green (chlorosapphire), orange (padparadzha). The color of sapphire entirely depends on the presence of titanium in its composition.
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In addition to jewelry, this stoneattributed to the healing properties. It is useful for people suffering from rheumatism, diabetes, epilepsy, insomnia, infectious diseases, kidney and bladder diseases.
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There is a belief that the owner of sapphire haspower over people, stone gives its owner perseverance and wisdom. Before the owner of sapphire, new horizons and "doors" are opened, which previously were not visible and not accessible. Obstructed from the "evil eye" and gossip will help pendant or ring with sapphire.
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When choosing a stone, it is worth remembering that to findreally high-quality and valuable sapphire is not so easy. This is due to the fact that in recent years there is more and more technology that allows you to change the color and even the composition of the stone, "changing" its origin, and therefore the value. If, when buying a stone, you have doubts about its authenticity, it is better to subject the sapphire to an examination.
