Tip 1: How cities have changed

Miscellaneous

Tip 1: How cities have changed

In the Old Testament it is said that the first cityon the earth Cain, the son of Adam, built. One of the oldest known cities in the world is Jericho, it was also called the "city of palm trees", it dates back to the ninth millennium BC. For centuries, cities have changed, expanded and grown, and their population has increased with each century.

Instructions

It is enough to see pictures of cities thatwere made at the beginning of the last century to see the difference between the past and the present. The difference between the cities of the last few centuries is that they began to grow more rapidly than before. The population of megacities is increasing mainly due to migration from other smaller cities and less developed countries.

At first, the highest in the city was anycult-religious construction. In Catholic-Protestant Europe and Orthodox Russia, it could be a cathedral, and in small towns - a church. The cathedral was also the center of the city, from it took the beginning of streets, alleys and avenues. In many modern cities, this is true to this day.

The first cities appeared on the site of the largestThe settlements, which would remind a modern resident of a large city a small village. Over time, huts and wooden houses, subject to fire and dilapidation, began to be built of more durable materials - stone and bricks. A few centuries ago, the residential buildings of any European city consisted of a maximum of four floors. However, at that time, they were quite unstable structures, often settled and collapsed, burying people along with the property. Later, high-rise office buildings appeared and the habitable multi-storey houses, which are familiar to the modern man.

But, perhaps, the most important difference of moderncities from ancient cities is in the style of buildings, the cleanliness of streets, car models and people's clothing. Each time corresponds to its architectural style, vehicles, outfits of citizens. Until recently, the most common vehicle was a horse and carts, they were replaced by bicycles, and later by cars. At the beginning of the last century, the car was a real luxury, not everyone could afford it, today it is in almost every family, in addition, public transport is constantly operating in the streets of the city.

Tip 2: How the boundaries of Moscow and the region have changed

In July 2011, between the governments of Moscow andMoscow region has been reached an agreement on changing the borders of these two subjects of the federation. After the discussion, a resolution was signed "On the approval of an agreement on changing the borders between Moscow and the Moscow region." This document legally fixed all the changes that actually occurred since 1984.

Over the past decades, thethe boundaries of Moscow and the Moscow region, but in connection with the last global expansion of the city's territory in the south-west direction, they may seem insignificant. The agreement legally fixes changes that affect a number of territories. According to him, 264 land plots changed their territorial affiliation. Under the jurisdiction of the capital 102 land plots were transferred, the total area of which was 723 hectares. Luberetsk aeration fields belong to 578 hectares of this amount, in these territories it is planned to build 4 million square meters. m of housing. The land of Moscow began to be considered and the landfill in Nekrasovka. The Moscow region transferred 162 land plots with a total area of 328 hectares. Most of them are located in Tolstopaltsevo and occupy 216 hectares. This document officially changed the boundaries of 45 regional and 44 metropolitan municipal municipalities. The main part of the adjustments related to the change of borders refers to the territories located in the immediate vicinity of the Moscow Ring Road. According to the approved agreement, all traffic junctions have departed to the territory of Moscow, and the structures and structures along the MKAD from the region fall under its jurisdiction. These amendments have prepared a legal ground for the implementation of President Dmitry Medvedev's proposals for additional accession to the city of part of the region's territories and the transfer there of a cent of the state structures. This idea has been implemented since July 1, 2012. From this date the territory of the capital has increased almost 2.5 times. To Moscow 140 hectares of territories of Moscow suburbs located in a southern and western direction have joined. It also includes Skolkovo and Rublevo-Arkhangelsk. The population of Moscow increased overnight by 230 thousand people, who before that were residents of the region.

Tip 3: How the rules for obtaining a driver's license have changed

At the end of October 2014, the Russianthe government decided to update the rules for passing the exams for a driver's license. Changes have taken place in the direction of their tightening, which caused a storm of discontent among future motorists.

Good driving skills - one of the importantcomponents of road safety. That's what the government thinks. According to officials, you can get good knowledge only in a driving school. In connection with this, now the so-called The self-taught person will simply not be admitted before passing the exam in the traffic police. Visiting driving schools will be a prerequisite for obtaining a driving license.

Parallel requirements to the qualification exam, as well as to the examiners, the order and the place of its holding increased. In particular, the examiner now must necessarily have a higher education.

Changes have affected not only the futuremotorists, but also driving schools. Now, in order to carry this name, the institution is obliged to possess a land plot of not less than 24 hundred parts. All the rest will simply be denied a license. Small driving schools will be forced to close. In the remaining schools, according to experts, the tuition fees should increase, and very significantly.

What are the exams for the rights

According to the new rules, to obtaindriver's license you need to pass three exams: one theoretical and two practical. There are also positive changes. Thus, the validity of a good mark obtained on the theory was increased from three months to six months.

Those who did not pass one of the exams from the third attempt will be able to do this again only through 30 days, Not earlier. Those wishing to obtain a driver's license will be able to take the exam on cars with both automatic and manual transmissions.

How much does it cost to pass on the rights

From now on for the passing of the examination for the rightswill have to pay money. Earlier it was required to pay only the cost of a plastic card. Its price was 800 rubles. Now the traffic police introduces the fee for passing the exam. From January 1, 2015, its size will be about 6500 rub. For passing the theoretical part of the exam will have to pay 1000 rubles., practical - 3500 rub. In this case, the cost of a plastic card will increase to 2000 rub. Each retake of the exam will cost a negligent student in 1000-2000 rub.

Obtaining rights in another city

From now on, you can not get the rights in another city after passing the exam in the traffic police. Driver's license can be obtained only where the exam was taken. The fact is that at the time of its delivery the protocol is filled out, and its results are the basis for issuing the rights.

How to return the rights

To return the driver's license will have to take exams again. This rule came into effect on September 1, 2014. The certificate will be returned only if the knowledge of the traffic rules is successfully verified.