Tip 1: What atmospheric pressure is normal

The science

Tip 1: What atmospheric pressure is normal

On all inhabitants of a planet the Earth from above presses a columnair mass of fifteen tons. So that he does not make a wet place from a person, the pressure inside the body balances the pressure of the atmosphere. And only when the atmospheric indicators deviate from the norm do some people feel worse.

For normal atmospheric pressure, it is customary to takeair pressure at sea level at a latitude of 45 degrees at a temperature of 0 ° C. In these ideal conditions, the air column presses on every square centimeter of the area with the same force as the 760 mm mercury column. This figure is also an indicator of normal atmospheric pressure. Atmospheric pressure depends on the altitude of the terrain above sea level. On the hill, the indicators may differ from ideal, but they will also be considered the norm.

Norms of atmospheric pressure in different regions

With increasing altitude, atmospheric pressuredecreases. So, at an altitude of five kilometers, the pressure values will be about half as low as below. Because of the location of Moscow on the hill, the norm of pressure here is the figures 747-748 mm of mercury. In St. Petersburg, the normal pressure is 753-755 mm Hg. This difference is explained by the fact that the city on the Neva is lower in comparison with Moscow. In some areas of St. Petersburg you can meet the pressure norm in ideal 760 mm of mercury. For Vladivostok, normal pressure is 761 mm Hg. And in the mountains of Tibet the norm is 413 mm Hg.

Effects of atmospheric pressure on people

Man gets used to everything. Even if the normal pressure is low compared to the ideal 760 mm Hg, but is the norm for the area, people will feel comfortable. The well-being of a person is affected by a sharp fluctuation of atmospheric pressure, i.e. a decrease or increase in pressure by at least 1 mmHg for three hours. With a decrease in pressure, there is a shortage of oxygen in the blood of a person, hypoxia of the cells of the body develops, and heartbeat increases. There are headaches. There are difficulties on the part of the respiratory system. Due to poor blood supply, a person may be concerned about pain in the joints, numbness of the fingers. Increasing pressure leads to an overabundance of oxygen in the blood and tissues of the body. Increases the tone of the vessels, which leads to their spasms. As a result, the circulation of the body is disrupted. There may be visual disturbances in the form of the appearance of "flies" before the eyes, dizziness, nausea. A sharp increase in pressure to large values can lead to rupture of the ear drum.

Tip 2: How does atmospheric pressure affect people?

It is known that there are people especially sensitive toweather. We are talking about those who react to changes in pressure by changing their state of health. It often happens that when the place of residence is changed, the state of health worsens, so the body reacts to the pressure change, it can differ from the usual indicators.

Instructions

It's quite easy for a person to bear a raiseAtmospheric pressure, only at extremely high rates there are violations in the work of the respiratory system, the heart. As a rule, the reaction consists in a slight decrease in the heart rate and in an easy slowing of the breathing. If the pressure is excessively increased, then dry skin, a feeling of a small numbness, dry mouth can be observed, but all these conditions, as a rule, do not cause excessive discomfort.

If the pressure in the environment changes gradually, then a person may not notice this, smooth changes in the parameters allow the body to adapt to new conditions.

If the increased pressure of the surrounding atmospherewe tolerate easily, then lowering the pressure is fraught with problems. Firstly, the palpitation becomes frequent and uneven, that some people can cause serious inconveniences. The drop in pressure leads to a small oxygen starvation of the body, which is why such consequences occur. As the pressure in the atmosphere as a whole decreases, the partial oxygen pressure also decreases. As a result, a person receives a reduced volume of oxygen, and the usual breathing can not make up for the reserves.

Unfortunately, we can not somehow influence theatmospheric pressure - whether it decreases, or decreases, we can only accept it as a reality. However, you can help your body cope with the stresses coming from the outside.

Experts recommend that when you go downatmospheric pressure with a special sensitivity to the extremes to rest, less to move, give up sports and active work. It takes more time to spend in the open air, preferably in nature. Give up heavy food, do not drink alcohol, do not smoke. Eat small meals, but often. You can take sedative teas and light soothing drops (after consulting with a doctor in advance).

Tip 3: Atmospheric pressure. Effects on humans

Man spends his life, as a rule, onThe height of the Earth's surface, which is close to sea level. The organism under such a situation experiences the pressure of the surrounding atmosphere. The normal pressure value is 760 mm Hg, which is also called "one atmosphere". The pressure that we experience outside is balanced by internal pressure. In this regard, the human body does not feel the gravity of the atmosphere.

Atmospheric pressure may vary duringDays. Its indicators also depend on the season. But, as a rule, such pressure jumps occur within no more than twenty to thirty millimeters of mercury.

Such fluctuations are not noticeable for the organismhealthy person. But here, in individuals suffering from hypertension, rheumatism and other diseases, these changes can cause disturbances in the functioning of the body and worsen overall well-being.

Reduced atmospheric pressure a person canFeel when you are on the mountain and take off on the plane. The main physiological factor of height is the lowered atmospheric pressure and, as a result, the reduced partial pressure of oxygen.

The body reacts to a decreased atmosphericFirst of all, by increased breathing. Oxygen at altitude is discharged. This causes excitation of the carotid chemoreceptors, and it is transmitted to the medulla oblongata to the center, which is responsible for the enhancement of respiration. Thanks to this process, the pulmonary ventilation of a person who experiences reduced atmospheric pressure rises within the required limits and the body receives a sufficient amount of oxygen.

An important physiological mechanism thatIt starts at a lowered atmospheric pressure, it is considered that the activity of organs responsible for hematopoiesis is strengthened. This mechanism appears in the increase in the amount of hemoglobin and red blood cells in the blood. In this mode, the body is able to transport more oxygen.