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Instructions

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In the process of studying 74 red supergiants, threeof them slightly surpassed the previous champion in size. Now the record holders are the KW star from the constellation Sagittarius, V354 from the constellation Cepheus and KY from the constellation Cygnus. Each of these stars individually exceeds the size of the Sun by a factor of 1,500. For example, their size is about 7-8 times larger than the Earth's orbit revolving around the Sun. The distance dividing the Sun and these stars is approximately 10,000 light-years. These stars, despite their size, are the most massive in the galaxy. Their weight is about 25 solar masses, and there are stars whose weight is equal to 150 solar masses and more.

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Scientists admit the fact thatconstellation Cepheus red supergiant VV may be larger than these stars, but under the influence of the gravity of the accompanying planet, it is strongly deformed, which makes it difficult to accurately answer the question.

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In July 2013, scientists succeeded from the beginning toend to observe the process of the birth of a star exceeding 500 times the mass of the Sun and emitting light several million times brighter. With the help of powerful telescopes, scientists examined the moment of birth in all details. A huge cloud of dust and gases in the process of childbirth under the influence of gravity was pulled inside, forming a new star. Starting to observe this part of the galaxy, no one could predict such a result: they were expecting the appearance of a star that would exceed the Sun by a factor of a hundred. This happened in the distance from the Earth for 10 thousand light years constellation Nugolnik. Such titans are rare, and it's almost impossible to find the moment of their birth. Formation in these stars occurs very quickly due to their size, and the young star remains very short-lived.

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The largest and brightest of the famous starscan also be called VY Big Dog, which is unique in many ways. Stars of this size are most often included in several star systems, but this is a single star. The diameter of this hyper giant is about 3 billion km. For example, if you place the VY of the Great Dog in the center of the solar system instead of the Sun, it will take up space to the orbit of Saturn. The radiation of a star occurs in infrared light, and scientists have not yet come to a common opinion about its properties. There are theories that this is a big red hypergiant, and also that it is a supergiant, only very large. The VY of the Great Dog is about 4,500 light-years from the Earth, and its state indicates that it, like any supernova, can explode at any moment. Its burnt-out core almost entirely burned out a stock of hydrogen and helium and consists mainly of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. The active release of substances preceding the explosion, the star has already begun.

Tip 2: What is the Milky Way

Studying astronomy (the science of celestial bodies), you will repeatedly find references to the Milky Way. Milky Way - this is a cluster of stars, the so-called star system in which we live.

Instructions

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The brightest star in our Galaxy is the Sun,around which the planet Earth rotates. The stars of the Milky Way are at different distances from the Earth's surface. Some of them are separated by 100 light years, others are removed from us by tens of thousands of light years.

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Scientists claim that in the Milky Way there are200 billion stars, of which only 2 billion can be seen in the most modern telescopes and only dozens - with the naked eye. All of them more or less resemble the Sun (some stars are big in size, but there are also quite tiny stars). The hottest stars can be identified by their pale blue glow. The temperature of their surface varies from 20,000 to 40,000K. The coldest stars are red. Their temperature is approximately 2500K.

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The stars of the Milky Way live each life: originate from interstellar gas, form a mass cluster, burn and burn. Because of periodic flares, they become visible to the human eye, more precisely, we see not so much the stars themselves as the total glow. The Milky Way seems to us a star path in the sky, like a white gas tape.

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The largest cluster of stars is located inthe center of the Galaxy. They can be scattered and spherical. Scattered star clusters are the youngest. Their average age is 10 million light-years. Globular clusters are older. From the moment they got to each other, about 15 billion years passed. In other words, globular clusters consist of the oldest stars in the galaxy, among which the low-mass ones predominate.

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To better consider the Milky Way Way, you will need to go to the Far North. It is there that the night starry sky will appear before you in all its glory. But it is impossible to see all the stars of the Milky Way at once, since they are located on two terrestrial hemispheres.