Tip 1: Which mammals are nocturnal?
Tip 1: Which mammals are nocturnal?
Twilight-night way of life is not peculiarMany representatives of fauna. The most famous of them are badgers, hedgehogs and, of course, bats. Nature has endowed these animals with everything necessary for existence in total darkness.
Undoubtedly, most of all living organismsactively live and hunt only in the afternoon, and rest - only at night. Nevertheless, in the world there is a small group of animals, leading exclusively night life. Among them - representatives of the mammal class.
What makes them lead a nocturnal life?
The fact is that it is at nightRivalry for production noticeably weakened. But weak competition is still half the battle. For example, in the deserted places the night is cooler than a hot day, which in turn stimulates all lovers of night outings to do their active work. In addition, night activity is the most suitable time for small and defenseless mammals (eg, voles and mice).The most famous mammals, leading nightlife
Badger
These representatives of the order of predatory animals canmeet at dusk, at night and at sunset. Some badgers living in remote places sometimes leave their shelters during the day. The biological clock of mammals are arranged in such a way that the sun should come as badgers immediately leave their burrows in search of food. In the cold season, these animals, like bears, plunge into winter sleep. In order not to disturb them, badgers hammer all the exits from their burrows with earth and leaves.Hedgehog
This, perhaps, is one of the most famousTwilight-night mammals of the order of insectivores. Anyone who has ever tamed a hedgehog at home is perfectly aware of his night activity: characteristic trampling, snorting and rustling.It is not recommended to domesticate hedgehogs! The fact is that these animals are carriers of ticks that are dangerous to humans (for example, an ixodid mite). Especially since in captivity these mammals practically do not live.In nature, all light day, these animals spendIn their shelters, hidden from prying eyes. Their mink can be found in secluded corners of the forest, as well as in private plots. There the hedgehogs are sleeping all day, curled into a tight tangle. As soon as dusk comes, the hedgehogs wake up and begin night activity. In search of prey they patrol their own hunting grounds. The diet of these animals is made up of frogs, earthworms, insect larvae and voles. In winter, hedgehogs fall into suspended animation.
The bats
Bats or bats are exclusivelynocturnal animals. If badgers and hedgehogs from time to time can be found during the day, then bats - no. The entire light day they spend in caves, cellars, abandoned houses - where the sun's rays never fall.Bats are the only representatives of a class of mammal animals that can fly.With the onset of dusk, bats in fullThey begin their nightly hunt. They feed on small and large insects. In space, they are guided by the sound location. The volatile mice emit high-frequency sounds that help them navigate. If an obstruction arises on the path of the ultrasonic wave, then it is reflected in the opposite direction. The bat receives the high-frequency signal returning to it, realizing that it is necessary to change the direction of the flight.
Tip 2: Which animal mammals
Mammals are among the mosthighly organized vertebrate animals. They appeared on Earth about 160-170 million years ago. The ancestors of modern mammals were the size of a rat and ate mostly insects.
Instructions
1
Along with birds, mammals are warm-blooded animals, their body temperature is constant. They are characterized by the presence of hair, viviparity and feeding of young in milk.
2
Milk in females is produced by the mammary glands,formed from sweat glands in the process of evolution. Thanks to the nurturing of children in the womb, live birth, feeding milk and caring for the offspring, the best preservation of the young is ensured in a wide variety of conditions.
3
The size and appearance of mammals is veryAre heterogeneous. This class is represented by animals from 4 centimeters to 33 meters (dwarf whitetail and blue whale). Mammals have two pairs of five-fingered limbs and teeth different in structure and function, located on the upper and lower jaws. The cervical spine consists of seven vertebrae and connects the trunk and head.
4
All mammals are distinguished by a high levelorganization of the nervous system. They have significantly developed the cerebral cortex and sense organs - sight, hearing, smell, touch, taste. The circulatory system of mammals is closed, the heart is four-chambered, blood movement is organized in two circles of blood circulation - large and small.
5
Mammals can live in a variety of conditions: on land and in water (marine and fresh), in the soil and on the surface. Some members of the class have adapted to flying in the air (bats).
6
There are more mammals now5,5 thousand species, and they are widely dispersed throughout the globe. The Mammal class includes two subclasses: Oviparous (Firstborn) and Real beasts. The first include, for example, platypus, proehidny and echidna, to the second - all the rest.
Tip 3: Which mammal is the largest
Interesting is the fact that the mostLarge mammals on the planet Earth are animals are not sushi, and the sea. The record among mammals is a blue whale, the size of which is amazing.
Blue (or blue) whale beats all records andBecomes the largest mammal of our time. The maximum recorded length of this animal is 33.5 m. Only 2,400 people can beat the average weight of a whale (150 tons). But despite such large sizes, these mammals are not predators, they feed on plankton. The heart of the whale, weighing 600 kg, can be compared with a small car, and the language (2.7 tons) - with an African elephant.
Previously, blue whales inhabited all the oceans of the Earth, only up to 250,000 lived in the Antarctic. But now there are not more than 11,000 individuals left, although they live longer than 120 years.
In summer, these mammals prefer to live onnorth, in the polar waters, but by winter they go on a "journey" to the south. Their speed is very high, for example, one whale for a month and a half can swim more than 3000 km. During this period, animals sometimes do not eat at all, but expend the accumulated.
Although blue whales and singles, they havea kind of way of communication with the help of "singing". This sound reaches 188 dB and can be compared with the volume of the jet engine. Cries can be heard by other people of this species, even if they are separated by more than 1600 km. Moreover, these animals can "take" such frequencies that a person is not able to hear.
Biologists are still interested in the blue whale, trying to solve the riddle of their singing and keep these animals, because they are on the brink of extinction.
