Tip 1: How to build a nest for chickens
Tip 1: How to build a nest for chickens
Chickens are one of the most commonspecies of birds that are bred in the household. Many breeders of chickens know how sometimes it is uncomfortable to walk and collect eggs carried by their pets around the yard. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to create certain conditions for them, namely, to equip the hen house with nests for laying hens. It is not difficult to build them, the main thing is to take the job with all responsibility and take into account all the necessary recommendations.
You will need
- - a sheet of plywood or tes;
- - nails;
- - a hammer;
- - litter materials.
Instructions
1
Installing the sockets is recommended long beforethe beginning of the laying of laying hens, since the hens must necessarily get used to them, and to demolish their first egg there. Before proceeding to the construction of the nests, select their location. It should be convenient and affordable for chickens. It is best to install the nests in the darkened part of the coop, since birds prefer to retire during the period of laying.
2
Take a large sheet of plywood or tes and from itmake a large block of rectangular shape, designed for 6 hens. Then divide it with partitions. The size of each nest should be: length 30 cm, width 25 cm and height 30 cm - for hens of egg breed, and if you keep chicken meat, the nests should be larger - length 40 cm, width 30 cm, height 35 cm.
3
After that, make an entry, the width of which -20-25 cm, and height 25 cm. At the entrance, attach a small paddle height of 5 cm, it will prevent the eggs from rolling out of the nests. Also, be sure to attach a special shelf so that the bird can easily enter the nest.
4
When the nests are ready, break into laying the litter in them. For this, wood chips, dry cutting of hay or straw can be used as well.
Tip 2: How to make a cage for a laying hen
With the right content and feeding, the egg-laying of laying hens is significantly increased. You can keep them both in a closed room with a floor covering, and equip the cellular content.
Instructions
1
With cell content, the room is divided intoseveral cells, for the maintenance of one layer of layers of one age and one breed. Under this condition of separation by breed and age, egg production is much higher than with the content of all available livestock in one cage. Because in the case of joint content, stronger individuals depress the weak and the egg-laying of young animals decreases.
2
When dividing the room into cells, you canUse a mesh-netting with a small link. Install the wooden racks and pass the thin bars from the top and bottom. For this design, fix the mesh-mesh.
3
In every cell, install the roosts, feeders,Drinkers and nests for laying eggs. Nests should be done in a high place and better in the corner. To the chick was easy to climb set the board and nail the cross bars. In the nest should be laid straw and put the egg.
4
Chickens will not peck an egg in the masonry nest at any time of the year with proper feeding, adequate lighting and adding to the diet of chalk and gravel.
5
Keep the cock in one cage withlaying hens are not necessary. On egg production, the presence of the cock is not reflected in the slightest. The rooster should be kept only in a cage of hens or when you are going to evaporate in an incubator of chickens.
6
Chickens-layers have egg laying to three years. At the end of this period, the egg production decreases sharply, after which they are replaced with a new livestock.
7
Before placing in cage new young lads, cage and the equipment is thoroughly disinfected and dried to avoid disease of the young.
Tip 3: How to build a barn for chickens
If you are going to keep in your summer residence hens, then you will definitely need specially equipped for them barn. Construction hensbox - not a very expensive business. You can use the available materials, which remained after the construction of the house. Most often hensboxes are built from wooden boards, but you can see on some sites and brick buildings for hens.
You will need
- Wooden poles and boards, nails, a hammer, bitumen, ceiling beams, a heater for walls and ceiling, sawdust.
Instructions
1
Before the construction of the shed for hens Determine how many birds you will keep in it. Proceed from the fact that on four hens one square meter of area is needed. Dimensions for small hensbox, calculated on 15 hens: width - 2 meters, length - 3 meters, height of the front wall 2.5 meters, and the back wall 1.5 meters.
2
Choose a location for your location hensbox. It should be on a small hill, so that in case of rain it is not flooded.
3
When designing a foundation, do not forget that he mustbe strong. Pouring the foundation with concrete will not allow a predatory animal to enter the barn inside the barn. If you plan to build without a foundation, then you need hensa box of iron from the bottom.
4
Make a frame of wooden poles with a diameter10 cm. Frame in the ground to a depth of 70 cm. Parts of the pillars that are in the ground, double cover with molten bitumen. Its layer should be 50 cm.
5
To the frames of the frame nail the bars, the sectionwhich 5x5 cm. The frame is sewed on both sides with a teso, so that there are no cracks. Sew off the outside. Inside the frame make insulation by cardboard or roofing felt.
6
The space that turned out between the shells, pour peat or sawdust. The floor is made of adobe or wood. In the summer, sprinkle the floor with sawdust, which absorbs excess moisture.
7
On the upper frame of the frame lay the ceilingBeams, the ends of which let out 40 cm beyond the structure. To insulate the ceiling, use a dry cane. In the ceiling, provide a vent. Pipe made of boards, they will not give condensation. In winter, use a cloth to seal the hole in the pipe.
8
Make windows measuring 60x120 cm. In regions with a cold climate windows with double frames are necessary. Under the window, arrange a hatch for hens. The height from the floor is 30 cm. barn. Before entering the hensAnchorage create a heated tambour. Log in barn do from the south side.
9
Make in hensThe box of the roost is rectangular at a height of 60 cm from the floor. Place nases on one level. If there are several of them, make a distance between them 50 cm. The length of the pole is 20 cm for henspoint. Leuchev with a comfortable perch, hensYou start moving right away. The frame structure is the most rational, since everyone can dig a few pillars into the ground and trim them with accessible material.
Tip 4: How to build a cage for chickens
To always have fresh eggs and meat in the house, it is worth keeping in the backyard hens. A cage for chickens occupies little space and brings a stable income, in a two-tiered cage can contain up to 14 layers in 1 square meter of useful area. Try to build cage for chickens alone.
You will need
- - a corner 50х50х5 or 40х40х5;
- - a grid of welded rods;
- - galvanized sheet;
- - sheet bending;
- - welding machine;
- - drinking bowl.
Instructions
1
2
From a metal corner 40х40х5 or 50х50х5Cut out the details: four vertical racks, six horizontal long bars and six short ones. Cook the cell skeleton from the obtained parts of the corners. Check the stability and reliability of the structure, if the cage is very long, in the center, strengthen the structure with one more pair of vertical racks.
3
4
Above the shelf for eggs make a feeder from the leafthe zinced steel. Cut the strip 30 cm wide and the length corresponding to the length of the cage. Fold it this way: at a distance of 8 cm make a deflection in 95⁰, set aside another 5 cm and again bend, about 100⁰. The long end is crooked, it will be hooked at the front edge of the cage.
5
Separate the cells with a horizontal grid ofwelded rods. On this grid put a pallet of galvanized iron. Thus, the chicken, being on an inclined floor from the net, will always be clean, since the waste of vital activity will directly fall onto the pallet.
6
Back of the homemade cage for chickens dofrom plywood or metal sheet. The front wall is made of wide rods curled in such a way that the hen can freely take food from the feeding trough. Do not forget about individual doors for each cell, equip them with hooks or bolts.
7
Equip the cage with birdwashers. On the cover of the cage, place a container of water, connect the hose to the bottom and draw water to each cell. To water, having reached a certain level, ceased to flow, use a float from the toilet bowl or other similar mechanism. If you did not manage to make a homemade drinker, buy it in the store.
Tip 5: Why do hens peck eggs?
Often, poultry farmers are faced with the fact that chickenseat their own eggs, this can be a serious problem. It is urgent to find out the reason for this behavior. Usually it all starts with one chicken, and after a while eggs are already bitten by all the inhabitants of the coop.
You will need
- Quality food, vitamin D, a source of calcium.
Instructions
1
The main reason that chickens peck their owneggs, is their wrong feeding. The laying diet should be balanced, so it is necessary to choose a food that contains a sufficient number of trace elements and nutrients. Especially chickens need calcium and vitamin D.
2
Perhaps the chicken is not comfortable to be inpoultry, this can also be the reason that they peck eggs. If the nesting sites are located very high, almost under the ceiling, and the distance between them is too small, then it is worth correcting these errors. In this situation, the hen can accidentally step on the egg, crush it, and then glue it. Do not allow too bright lighting in the hen house, the birds are very nervous.
3
Chickens are pecking eggs and from being too crowded,perhaps, there is no active paddock. The coop should not be densely populated, laying hens should feel free, even in the cold season they should have the territory in order to stretch their paws. A calm, happy hen will not bite its eggs.
4
Another reason for the spoilage of eggs is the feeding of chickenseggshell. Many inexperienced poultry farmers make this mistake, giving eggshells as a source of calcium. The thing is that laying hens quickly get used to the sight and smell of the shell and start pecking their own eggs, and once they try the protein or yolk, they want to repeat it again, because the eggs are very tasty and nutritious.
5
There is also such an option that the cause for everythingis one single chicken. Perhaps she is too aggressive, and once she accidentally tried the eggs, she began to continue eating them. Of course, it's strange, but many laying hens imitate their fellow tribesmen, a bad example is contagious. To solve the problem, it is necessary to observe the hen house and eliminate the aggressive hen. Usually such a hen constantly turns around near the nests, trying to find a new portion of delicacies.
Tip 6: How to choose a spotlight for yard lighting
Modern owners of country houses oftenchoose for the illumination of their yards powerful floodlights, allowing maximum illumination of the adjacent territory and scare away uninvited guests. Which searchlight is best suited for these purposes?
Types of searchlights
There are four types of spotlights - halogen,metal halide, sodium and LED. The halogen floodlights are based on an incandescent lamp with a buffer gas added to the cylinder, which makes this product a high-temperature lighting device, since the working temperature of its spiral can reach 3000K. Metal halide floodlights work on the basis of a high-pressure discharge lamp, in the burner of which there are dosed radiating additives that correct the spectral characteristics of the arc discharge with mercury vapor. Metal halide, sodium and halogen lighting devices, unlike LED projectors, are unstable to vibration. The source of light in sodium searchlights sodium high-pressure discharge lamps. In the course of a gas discharge, luminous heat arises in sodium vapor, which leads to monochromatic radiation. The light source in LED projectors consists of environmentally friendly LEDs that do not contain components with mercury. Experts do not recommend buying the first spotlight, but first to evaluate the operation of its lamp type, which is a priority when choosing this lighting device.Which searchlight is better
Halogen spotlights have excellentlight output and color reproduction, as well as targeted lighting of a certain area of the yard. They are distinguished by high performance, made of tempered glass and work without problems at high temperatures. Sodium devices provide a bright yellow-orange light due to the predominant sodium radiation, but give an unsatisfactory color rendering when illuminated. Advantage of sodium searchlights is their versatility, which allows to combine the device with other light sources. Light color rendering devices are usually used for lighting industrial buildings or street lighting. Metal halide devices give cold bright light and have high color rendering / light output. They are very reliable due to resistance to voltage drops, as well as protection from dust and moisture, therefore metal halide lamps are ideal for lighting the yard. However, the best quality option is LED spotlights, which are completely made of strong and durable materials of high quality. They provide a precisely directed flow of light, instantly ignited and work stably even at low network voltages.Tip 7: Chainsaw or electric saw: what is the best choice for construction?
Cottagers and owners of country houses oftenhave to perform various works on wood. Of course, to cut wood or cut down small knots on a tree it is possible with the help of an ax or a hacksaw. But if you need to put a frame or cut down an old tree, then you can not do without reliable petrol or electric saws.
Mobility and portability
The main advantage of chainsaws is portability,it does not depend on electricity, it can be used anywhere. However, in order to prepare it for work, it will take time, since the fuel mixture must first be diluted. Work with a chainsaw is possible under all weather conditions, but at low temperatures it can be difficult to get. The main advantage of electric saws is the simplicity of working with it. However, in some cases, for example at high humidity and during rain, it is not recommended to use it. With an electric saw it is possible to work in closed premises, it, unlike a chainsaw, does not emit exhaust gases. A major drawback of electric saws is the dependence on the availability of electricity. If you intend to use it for outdoor work, you will have to take care of the extension cord.Power and scope of use
Electric saws belong to household tools, theycompact, their weight, as a rule, is less than the weight of any chainsaw. If we compare the power, then according to this criterion, household electric and chainsaws practically do not differ. But semi-professional and professional chainsaws are much more powerful than any electric model. Chainsaw is indispensable in the construction of houses, and professional models of saws can be used even for working with frozen wood. For work with dense wood it is best to choose a chainsaw, and for small construction works an electric model with the help of which even thin boards can be cut evenly can be used.When carrying out work using an electric stove, it is recommended to take a break every 20-30 minutes to allow the engine to cool.
Features of care and maintenance
Working with any tool requires certainskills and knowledge. In order to understand the features of the care of the instrument, it is necessary to know its structure and operating principle. Then during operation it is possible to avoid unpleasant situations, including traumatism. Care of the specific tool is written in the instruction manual. But there are common points. The choice of chain and tire depends on the saw model and the work to be performed. For benzo and electropil it is necessary to choose a special lubricating oil for the chain, and for chainsaws it is necessary to additionally purchase gasoline (usually AI-92) and motor oil (usually two-stroke semi-synthetic or mineral) to prepare a fuel mixture.The operation of chainsaws, as a rule, is more expensive.Thus, assessing the main characteristics of different models of saws, we can conclude that the choice of saw depends on the type of work planned and the conditions for their implementation.
