Tip 1: What does the house spider eat
Tip 1: What does the house spider eat
Probably everyone in his life at least once sawhouse spider. About these insects, ordinary people know little enough - they have eight legs, weave cobwebs and eat flies. But is it? In apartments spiders can often be found, even in winter, but the flies population tends to seasonality. So what does the house spider eat?
What do you need to know about these spiders?
The Latin name for the species of this spider is Tegenariadomestica. Despite the fact that it is called "house", you can see it not only in the dark corners of apartments, but also in closets and barns around the globe. This spider is almost not afraid, because it is - quite a common phenomenon in our homes, and besides its poison is not dangerous for a person, although it bites, and it hurts rather.Features of home and hunting house spider
It will be useful to know where thisspider. His house is a special arachnoid tube that leads from the net to the shelter. Of course, these spiders weave the web, but it is somewhat different from that which its street relatives weave. Its web is thicker and more friable, and "street spiders" weave a thin viscous web with sticky knots. Thus, his future food in a loose web literally sinks and, of course, tries to get out of his captivity. Attempts to get out of the web are noticed by a spider. Its web is almost flat, however its center drastically goes down at a slight angle, forming the same living spider's tube in which the spider waits for signals from the victim. As soon as the victim starts trying to get out of the web, he quickly runs out of his shelter and pounces on it, stabbing his hook-shaped jaws. Inside them is a poison that hits the victim to death. However, the spider can not eat the dead victim - it has a small mouth, and chewing jaws (serving for grinding food) are also absent. Therefore, the spider has to suck the nutrients from the victim due to the fact that the body under the influence of poison begins to digest itself. Thus, it destroys such harmful insects as flies, flies, fruit flies, larvae of woodworms or moths. In general, he makes a feasible contribution to the struggle of man with harmful insects. However, it is not always possible for a spider to eat its prey. For example, if an ant comes to the network, it will most likely remain alive - after all, the house spider does not know how to swaddle prey, and the poison has a rather weak effect on large ants. Another feature of eating house spiders is the lack of the need to weave a large network - Some individuals, especially males, are able to manage several signal strings, but they need a larger "working" area on which they will fasten their network.Tip 2: How the spider weaves the web
The Web is one of the most amazing and beautifulcreations created by spiders. For millions of years of existence on earth, these ancient inhabitants have adapted to build a solid and at the same time subtle network, which is necessary for them to continue living.
Instructions
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A thin thread of cobwebs stands out from spider websglands located in the back of the abdomen of the spider. Scientists know of seven types of cobwebs that produce different types of cobwebs, but one species can have only 1 to 4 gland types at a time.
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Weaving the web is laborious. First, the spider pulls out with its hind legs a strong and long thread produced by a special organ. Then fixes it on any stable object in such a way that it resembles the letter Y. In nature, for example, spiders fasten the thread to branches of trees or shrubs.
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Then the spider builds the frame, connecting the filaments-radii in the center of the frame. And only after that it puts a spiral out of a sticky web, which serves as the main trap for the gaping insects.
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There are two types of cobwebs: flat and bulky. The first is the most common type with the least number of threads, which makes it unobtrusive and not too elastic. A three-dimensional web is distinguished by a greater entanglement of threads, which makes it incredibly durable, but at the same time very noticeable for insects.
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The spider web is used by the spider not onlyto create a hitching net, but also as a safety rope when jumping. In addition, spiders make cocoons for eggs from the web and build shelters for wintering. And ready-to-mate females produce a pheromone-labeled thread along which a male spider can easily find his partner.
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The secret of the strength and elasticity of the web with itsIncredible subtlety lies in the unique composition of the thread. It contains a large number of amino acids alanine, which form crystalline areas, densely packed into folds. They provide the web with such strength. And the constituent glycine makes it elastic.
Tip 3: How spiders weave the web
The web is a special secretof the spider's glands, which has the wonderful property of freezing shortly after excretion. The frozen secret forms the same cobweb threads, which, in turn, are cobwebs - an integral part of the vital activity of many representatives of the class of arachnids (spiders, mites, false-scorpions).
How do spiders spin the web?
Everything begins with the formation of a specialsecret, which is produced by numerous spider veins, cunningly hidden inside the abdomen of the spider. The ducts of these glands are opened with very small spinning tubes located at the end of special spiderwebs. For example, the number of such tubules from the crosses is from 500 to 600. The liquid viscous secret produced by these glands consists of protein. The amazing ability of this secret - almost instantly to harden in the air in the form of the finest strings. Spiders weave cobwebs in a special way: they press their warts to a special substrate, after which a small part of the secret that stands out at this moment stiffens, glued to the spider itself. Further, this "builder" begins to stretch a viscous secret already from the spider webs with the help of its hind legs. When a spider starts to move from one place of fixing the web to another, its liquid secret simply stretches along the length, turning into hardened threads. And then - the agility of the paws and the skill of geometry!Why does a spider need its web?
Goals with which spiders weave their threads, there arevery diverse. The most common reasons for building a web are a shelter for building cocoons, fishing nets for mining, and temporary shelter for the moulting period or during certain unfavorable environmental conditions. More about this - below. Many kinds of spiders in general braid their secret walls of their mink. Egg cocoons in which eggs develop with future young spiders are also woven from liquid spider web, and sticky hunting networks, skillfully woven by these craftsmen, serve as a win-win option for hunting prey. Curiously, depending on the objectives pursued, the spider selects both a sticky and dry secret of a certain thickness. This is another unique feature of representatives of this class of animals.Chemical composition of the web
Zoologists together with biologists have investigatedspider's secret and came to the conclusion that its chemical composition and physical properties are surprisingly close to silk silkworms and caterpillars. The only difference is that the web is a much stronger and more elastic substance.Who else weaves the web?
This prerogative is inherent in spider mites andpseudoscorpions. It is worth noting that the real skill in this difficult matter, unlike spiders, they do not show. Only spiders have a unique feature to masterfully create their networks. After all, it is necessary to be able not only skillfully to create a web, but also to produce it in a huge amount, which only spiders can do by now.Tip 4: Where does the brownie live?
According to the beliefs, the brownie is an unspokenthe keeper of the house. If he is happy with everything, peace and prosperity reign in the family and in the house. To win the brownie, you need to know his habits and way of life.
House - the essence of other dimensions
It is necessary to understand that the brownie is notsome ordinary creature that can be traced or caught. He can get into our world when he wants, and just as easily leave it. The house belongs to another dimension and the main part of life does not take place in our world. For this reason, it is foolish to hunt, try to find it in one way or another. A housekeeper can easily hide from you, and you risk losing his relationship with him for a long time. For a house-keeper, your house is something like a summer cottage - he goes to him whenever he wants, but does not spend all his time in it. In the house he does not have a definite place of residence, although sometimes it is stated that the householder lives in a closet, behind a refrigerator, behind a stove, etc. This is speculation - why should a housekeeper hide in a dusty space behind a refrigerator when he can remain invisible and stay anywhere in the house? In this case, there is a situation where people, trying to understand where the housekeeper lives, are looking for places in which, in their opinion, he can settle down, and choose the most hidden from the eyes.Friendship with the housewife
If the householder is favorably disposed towards the ownersat home, the family will be prosperous, life in the house will become much safer. The Brownie can warn in time about the forgotten iron on or off gas, just mentally reminding you about it. You jumped up, ran off the gas - not even suspecting that it reminded you of a house. He can protect the house from criminals, instilling in them unmotivated fear, unwillingness to enter the apartment. In addition, he can frighten uninvited guests with knocking and other nervous sounds. How to make friends with a brownie? The simplest and most effective way is to keep the house clean and clean. House loves order and beauty, so appreciate those who know how to create coziness. If you want, you can put a small bowl with milk and a piece of bun, biscuit or cheese on the window sill. Since the house-cook eats smells, outwardly your offerings will remain intact. But the housekeeper will be pleased with your very attention. Sometimes the householder begins to behave noisily. As a rule, this is a warning that he does not like something in your actions. In the house there can be heard knocking, creaking, falling of small objects. Analyze your behavior and try to understand what angered the brownie.How to transport a brownie
When moving to a new place of residence of a brownieyou can take with you - at least, so say the popular beliefs. To do this, you need to tell the householder that you are going to leave, and leave for him in the room a "vehicle" - a felt boot tied with a rag or a pan with a lid. Valenok or a pot take with them to a new place of residence.Tip 5: Than the mouse eats
Mice are different: wild voles and forest, domestic and decorative. The scale of public harm and the style of their nutrition are somewhat different. However, than the mouse feeds home, it is visible at once.
Mice wild
Untreated mouse creatures are divided into twothe main species - forest and field. Where they live, it is not necessary to explain. The diet of these rodents consists of shoots of young trees, green bark, fruits. In breeding-favorable years, these mice become a real disaster for forestry and horticultural farms. Bread crops such as wheat, rye and corn are badly affected - mice destroy both mature grain and green shoots. In lean years, wild rodents begin to adapt in residential buildings.Mouses
Under this deceptive name is hidden not belovedpet with a gentle nickname, but a very real source of female squeals and debris. By their nature, these mice feed on juicy parts of plants and their seeds. Their domestic activities can be justified, rather, by the desire to harm, than the instinct of prey. Often the appearance of rodents in the house is marked by spoiled furniture, pogrezennye books. There is a peculiar smell, there are gaps in bags and bags, thin walls of the cabinet. Do not eat - so spoil it. The mice eat grain, cereals, bread and, of course, cheese. They export other dairy products, meat. A house rodent may well choose a home plant for a meal.Mice decorative
These peace-loving beasts are sold in anypet store in fairly large quantities - up to 8 mice per cage. This kind of pets in food is unpretentious. You can buy a special grain-vitamin complex, which is the main element of the rodent's nutrition. From time to time, store food should be diluted with fresh vegetables and fruits: apples, zucchini, cabbage, carrots. Well, if they are mixed with any cereal. In the spring it is desirable to add to the normal diet young shoots of fruit tree, green bark, leaves of dandelions, plantain and lettuce. At 90%, decorative mice, of course, are vegetarians. But once or twice a month a rodent should offer low-fat cheese, cottage cheese or even a small piece of chicken cooked without salt.From the street to the house
Mice that were caught, so to speak, in purefield, can not eat at all. Under the influence of stress, they will give up food and water and die, literally, a starvation. So "domesticated" mice, eat, in the first place, at will. In order to awaken him, the mice should offer the food that she ate in nature - vegetable shoots, a young bark for the forest and fresh grain for the field. To store grain complexes and cereals to move gradually. When the mouse for more than a day refuses to eat, it is allowed to use violence. Feed the syringe with a liquid vegetable or cereal gruel. After several such sessions, the animal will again begin to feed itself.Tip 6: Are there any brownies
According to the mythology of the Slavic peoples, the brownieis an invisible keeper of home and home well-being. And although the official science refers to the existence of the house-skeptic, there are many evidences that compel us to take a closer look at the study of this phenomenon.
Instructions
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It should immediately be said that a singleThe settled description of the house does not exist. But on the basis of the testimonies of people who managed to see him or somehow come into contact with him, we can conclude that this creature belongs to a different dimension, but it can, if desired, appear in our world.
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The last circumstance does not allow to seehouse at will - for example, carefully searched the house. Any ordinary terrestrial creature, even the most secretive, sooner or later would have been caught. A house can freely come to our world and it is just as easy to leave it, so to notice it, let alone to catch, is very difficult.
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What does the brownie look like? In this issue, there is some certainty - most often the brownie appears in the image of a short bearded and shaggy man. He is strong and sullen, it is very difficult to win his favor. There is a belief that the time for the brownies is reversing - they are born very old, then gradually become younger.
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Many researchers tried to fixappearance of the house with the help of various equipment. Most attempts failed, it was not possible to capture the clearly visible image of this creature with the help of photo and video. Nevertheless, several times the researchers were able to record the movement of some energy formations, the contours of which resembled a low man.
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The housekeeper is the keeper of the home. The best way to maintain good relations with him is to keep the house in an exemplary order. The Brownie does not like dirt, so she treats slovenly people with ill will. And vice versa, if you care about the house, it will become for you a good helper, guardian of your well-being.
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Remember that the brownie appreciates thehis attention. It needs to be fed - for example, to put him in a secluded place a saucer with milk, put a piece of bread. It is believed that the house-cooks eat scents, so do not expect that milk will be drunk, and bread is eaten. But your attention will be pleasant to the brownie.
7
Sometimes a brownie can begin to behave aggressively- knocking, dropping objects, even coming to the owners of the house at night. Aggression of the brownie is just a way to report some upcoming unpleasant event. In this situation, you should analyze the latest events and your plans and try to understand what alarmed the housekeeper. Once you make the right decision, the brownie will calm down again.
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Believe it or not in the house is a private matter for every person. But considering that there is still a lot of unknown in the world, it is reasonable to at least admit the possibility of the existence of this amazing creature.
Tip 7: What does a spider-circle look like?
Spider-spider and other representativesThe family of the same name has an interesting feature in the external structure. The fact is that their abdomen is much larger than the other spiders, and their external chitinous skeleton is relatively soft. But, despite the vulnerable appearance, the crooks are ruthless hunters with poisonous chelicera.
What does a spider-circle look like?
The torso of the spider-circle (and of any other kindarachnids) is formed by the fusion of two visually distinct divisions. The first department is the cephalothorax (or prosoma). There are six pairs of limbs on the circle. The two front pairs are converted into pedipalps and chelicera and are located in its oral cavity. The other four pairs are the walking legs. The second department is the posterior part of the trunk, it is called the abdomen (or opistosome). The abdomen of the circular spindle is able to vary considerably in its size due to the high elasticity of the outer skeleton. In addition, after a good meal or before the female starts to lay eggs, it (the abdomen) can vary quite a lot in its size, increasing almost twice in relation to its usual size. The lizard spider has a black abdomen with yellow spots . His walking legs, starting from the base of the abdomen, are painted yellow, which then turns into black. By the way, the female legs are much longer than the males, and the chelicers are filled with deadly poison! Such a coloring suggests that these spiders are sufficiently poisonous creatures.Where does the spider-lizard live and how does it feed?
In general, the places of the favorite habitat of the Circlesdepend on the habitats of flying insects. They are the basis of the nutritional diet of the circles. The best suited for this are shrubs, forests and urban gardens: an abundance of different colors, like a magnet, attracts insects to them - the food of the circles.Spiders in the mating season
The ability of spiders to weave their webs with old onestimes fascinates the scientific and philistine minds. The ability to weave nets is one of the most amazing manifestations of the life activity of representatives of the class of arachnids. This skill is necessary not only for catching spoils, but also for mating. After seeing the female, the spider-circleager hastens to approach it. However, he does it in a special way: he sorts his spiders in a certain order. This allows the female to correctly understand what kind of "bridegroom" she was granted, and also to make sure of the sincerity of his intentions. Before pairing, the female spider-spider processes the web with a specific pheramone. This must be done in order for the male to make sure beforehand of the position of the female to him. Then the male of the circular spine touches the forelegs of the female slightly and starts quickly to weave around her an invisible cobweb. So he demonstrates his skills. After this, the most dangerous moment occurs in the pairing of spider-spiders: the male begins to introduce seminal fluid through special pedipalps. After the coitus was produced, the male must quickly leave the female. Especially slow "grooms" turn into a hearty dinner.Tip 8: What is the biggest spider in the world
Perhaps, for today the largest spider in allThe world is considered a tarantula. The largest specimen of this species of arachnids was discovered by the expedition of Pablo San Martin in Venezuela in 1965. The swing of this spider's legs was 28 cm. It was he who was brought to the Guinness Book of Records.
