Tip 1: How to deal with a fire
Tip 1: How to deal with a fire
Fires in the house arise, as a rule, due to a malfunction of the electrical wiring of household appliances or malfunctions in the internal system of electrical equipment. More often reason fire become the owners themselves, who smoke in bed or use unprotected sources of fire. How to act when the flame has already flared up?
Instructions
1
Extinguish the fire with water (if not litflammable liquid), washing powder, dense cloth (coats, blankets). If the appliance has ignited, then it can be filled with water only after it has been de-energized. If one particular object burns, and you can not extinguish it yourself, throw it out the window. Before this, make sure that there is no one below. If you can not cope with the fire within a few seconds, call the fire brigade. In a mobile phone, even in the absence of a SIM card and a weak network signal, you can always call emergency number 112.
2
Did the fire spread to other objects? As soon as possible, bring or take out children and elderly people to the street. When evacuation, use only the stairs, not the elevator. Override the access of electricity in the shield on the landing, draw the attention of neighbors. If the room is not very smoky, go back to the house, take documents and money and run to the street, closing the door tightly. Do not open the windows wide open. If there is a lot of smoke, leave the room crawling, breathe through the sleeve. On the street, provide first aid to the victims - make lotions with cold water. Call an ambulance.
3
When emergence of fire in places of congestion keep calm,be an example for others. If you take charge of the crowd, give clear commands in a calm voice without screaming. Leaving the room, keep to the walls. Keep children in front of you. Your task is to call the fire department as soon as possible, even if you are sure that "someone has probably already called there." After extinguishing fire take out the smoking residue on the street, and the very place of fire keep under close supervision.
Tip 2: What is the plan of action, evacuation and extinguishing in the event of fires
Know and follow the fire fighting technique and regulations.everyone should be safe, because life can depend on it in an extreme situation, and as one person, so many people. When there is a tragedy, those who know the rules of conduct, evacuation and extinguishing the fire, act, as a rule, quickly, clearly and do not panic.
The fire is one of the most terrible disasters,practically uncontrolled combustion of some material. It causes immense material damage, often causes the death of a person, or can lead to impairment of health or disability. The cause of a fire can be the careless treatment of a person with sources of open fire or heating appliances, lightning or in prolonged periods of intense heat. All fires are divided into two main types - open and closed. Open ones are those in which the object burns with an open flame and emits a large amount of smoke. Closed fires are burning without a visible flame, with the allocation of any amount of smoke or just a pungent smell of burning, they occur, as a rule, on peat bogs, in underground mines.
What to do if a fire is detected
Immediately after the detection of the source of ignition,regardless of the intensity and area of burning, it is necessary to call firefighters or rescuers. You can do this by calling 01 or a single number of the rescue service 112, from any phone, whether it's a landline or mobile number. During the conversation with the operator you can not shout and worry, you need to calmly tell what exactly burns, how much, to name the exact address and your name. It is desirable, of course, to specify the time that rescuers will need on the road to the facility.Evacuation of people in case of fire
In case of fire in the living areaIt is necessary as soon as possible to evacuate all who are in the room, including pets. If there is no access to the door, you can try to get out through the window openings. When there is not even such an opportunity, you need to wet rugs, bedspreads or just scarves, turn around them and try to get out into that opening where the flame is not too intense. It's safer to move around on the floor, or at least, crouching. In case of fire in a store, club or cinema, you should never panic, if possible, you should calm those who are terrified and do not report their actions. The staff of the establishment will provide the way out of the building as soon as possible and call rescue services, but visitors must clearly fulfill their requirements and evacuate calmly, without panic, without creating a stampede in fire exits and stairs. In case of forest fires of any intensity, it is necessary to leave the smoke zone as soon as possible to an open area, in a field or to the edge of a forest, and only then call firefighters or rescuers.How to extinguish a fire
Strong extinguishing fire extinguish independently, withoutspecial means, it is impossible, and sometimes it's just dangerous to do it. If the flame is small and occupies a small area, you can try to fill it with water or fill it with sand. It is important to note that ignition caused by the closure of electrical wiring, and the ignition of household appliances to extinguish water can not in any case. The fire in the forest is even more difficult to extinguish. If the flame is not intense, you can try to knock it down with rags or fir branches, fall asleep with wet soil. But to call firefighters in any case is necessary to exclude the risk of re-ignition.Tip 3: How to be saved in a fire in an apartment
"This will not happen to me" - so many thinkand neglect safety techniques, and getting into an emergency situation, can not react quickly and correctly. In Russia, apartments burn out every day, among these incidents quite a lot of victims. To reduce their number, everyone should know how to act when a fire in their own apartment.
In case of fire of household appliances, furniture andother household items, it is necessary to assess the scale of the disaster. If the fire does not pose a threat to the life and health of you and your household, then you can extinguish it yourself. In the event that there is a lot of smoke in the apartment, you should breathe through clothing, a towel or any other fabric that is at hand.
Before you start dealing with a fireindependently, you need to turn off the electricity and gas in the apartment. Remember that burning equipment should not be filled with water if it is energized. Once you turn off the electricity, you can proceed to extinguish the fire. Flammable liquids, such as gasoline, oil or kerosene, can not be filled with water, you need to cover the focus of a damp cloth moistened with water.
If you understand that with a fire yourselfcan not cope, then you need to get out of the apartment. Close the respiratory system with a moistened towel and crawl to the exit. Remember that in case of fire, the elevator can not be used. Once you leave the walls of the apartment, be sure to cover the front door to exclude the occurrence of a draft, which in turn contributes to an intense fire.
It happens that it is impossible to get close to the exit, soas the fire enveloped him. In this case, you should close the door to the room where you are now and, if possible, immediately call the fire department. While you wait for help, you should always be at the open window. Try to attract attention, so that casual passers-by will notice you.
Remember that in case of fire of any scale, you need to dial 01 (from mobile phone 101) and inform the dispatcher about where the fire is located.
