Types of repair of buildings and buildings
Types of repair of buildings and buildings
What kind of repair is needed for the building orconstruction, depends on the duration and conditions of its operation, the capital of the building, on the condition of individual elements: foundations, load-bearing structures, roofing, communications, and so on. The type of repair is determined by the total evaluation of the survey. Reconstruction, capital or current. A cosmetic repair can also be carried out. A separate category of repairs is elite and European-quality repair.
Overhauling
Any type of repair is carried out in order to prolongservice life of a building or structure. If a survey of the building showed the need for major repairs, an estimate is made for all types of work. It should be noted that it is difficult to establish clear boundaries between categories of repair. Capital repair involves a partial or complete reconstruction of a building (construction), the reconstruction of certain parts of the building, replacement of communications and finishing works.In the course of the survey, before carrying out major repairs, it may be concluded that the building or structure can not be restored and must be demolished.What can be included in the overhaul? Everything starts with a survey and drawing up an estimate. Work is underway to protect the site and dangerous areas around the building. The equipment of ancillary premises. After that they begin to replace the sewerage and water supply, the heating system. Replacement of electrical wiring and ventilation systems. An increase in the level of engineering communications and equipment can be conducted taking into account current trends. The foundation, walls, roofs or the construction of a new roof are under repair. Repair of staircases. If necessary, re-planning is carried out. It can be erected superstructures, extensions, or carry out a partial disassembly of previously built extensions. Then proceed to repair the facades and to its architectural improvements. Replacement of window and doorways. And, in the last turn, internal finishing works are performed: leveling of floors, ceilings, walls. Often, during the overhaul and reconstruction carried out landscaping adjacent territory.
Current repair and its components. Scheduled repairs
Such repairs are carried out for the purpose of restorationoperational characteristics of buildings and structures, in order to prolong the possibility of their operation after restoration works. The current repair is carried out if the building has developed its resource, but it is possible to maintain its operational data. The basis for carrying out routine maintenance will be a survey or the timing of scheduled maintenance. At the same time, the design elements and the state of engineering communications are evaluated. Scheduled repairs for buildings and structures are carried out in the calculated, pre-planned, defined by the regulations, the time for the extension of the regulatory lifetime. It is linked to a major or current repair.Scheduled repairs can be both capital and current. It depends on the service life of the building and the frequency of repairs.According to a pre-determined estimate in the course of the currentrepair the following works are performed: - Completion of joints of walls, repair of facades and balconies. - Repair of the roof and drainage elements. - Repair of foundations, partial restoration of their plaster, blind area. - Repair or replacement of parts of pipelines and engineering systems, including heating, water supply and sewerage, electricity and ventilation. - Partial replacement or repair of windows and doors. - Repair of floors, replacement of coatings. - During the interior finishing, plastering of walls and ceilings, puttying, tiling or other materials, wallpapering. The necessary painting works are carried out.
