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Despite the potential threat, according to statistics,Namely dangerous goods are the most frequently transported type of cargo. They are transported both on airplanes and on trains. But more often for transportation use motor transport. If we take into account the unstable situation on the roads of Russia, one can imagine how carefully and literally it is necessary to follow the rules of transportation.

Classification of cargo by degree of danger

Before forming a road train, be sure toIt is necessary to classify the transported product. Firstly, the relevant documents will be needed in case of an unscheduled inspection of the car by the traffic police. Secondly, it will help to more accurately determine the conditions of transportation. So, the cargo is divided by its physical and chemical properties, as well as by species and degree of danger. After all, weapons transported in an inert state are less dangerous than liquefied gas in a tank. Everything must be agreed with GOST. Specialists distinguish 9 potentially dangerous classes of goods, which, in turn, can be further subdivided into categories. The list includes: - Class 1: explosives that can cause a fire as a result of an explosion (mainly here are various pyrotechnic materials and products) - Class 2: liquefied gases, including aerosols - Class 3: flammable liquids and suspensions with flammable vapors - Class 4: flammable materials that are capable of igniting from an external source of heating (this does not include those classified as explosive); - Class 5: substances that cause oxidation, which can release oxygen and sub- - Class 6: poisonous substances and various products of an infectious nature (capable of causing death and massive contamination of the population) - Grade 7: radioactive substances - Grade 8: : caustic and corrosive substances, - 9th class - substances with a reduced risk of transport, which can not be attributed to any of the above listed species in full.

Naturally, in each case it is necessaryObserve special rules of transportation, including speed limits, the availability of specially equipped vehicles, and the availability of escorts, etc.

How to obtain a permit and a license for the transport of dangerous goods

Naturally, transporting such dangerousmaterials and substance to the first person on the street from the street will not allow. Therefore, such companies usually deal with such transportations as whole companies that have successfully passed licensing in the relevant bodies. And it is in their own interests to ensure that the license is not expired. Otherwise, if there is a check, the company is in for a very big trouble. To transport dangerous goods on one or another route, it is also necessary to go through the whole procedure for obtaining all necessary permits and approvals. So, for example, if you are going to send a dangerous cargo by road (or want to receive such a cargo), it is necessary to obtain an appropriate permission for transportation from the internal affairs bodies at the location of the cargo. To do this, you must apply to the ATS at the place of acceptance of the goods with the following information: - The name of the cargo - The quantity or volume - The transportation route - Who is the responsible person in the transportation - The number of persons accompanying and guarding the cargo. At the same time, all this information must be supported by appropriate documents: an emergency card of the hazard information system (this is usually placed on the car's numbers), a route sheet (always agreed with the consignor and the consignee), a certificate of the vehicle's admission to the road network country and the permission of this car for the transport of dangerous goods (after all, not every car is designed for such purposes). All necessary marks must be affixed to the router. It should also be taken into account that when transporting nuclear materials, it will be necessary to obtain additional permission from the RF Gosatomnadzor.

Remember that the permit is issued for a period ofhalf a year. Therefore, it is not necessary to be puzzled in advance with the acquisition of such permits for the year ahead. And this is despite the fact that they are not so simple.

Choosing the right route

It is a mistake to think that a truck withA dangerous cargo can safely follow all the main highways of the country. In fact, for such transport the route is selected individually and must meet certain requirements and standards. The employees of the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate should work out the development of the optimal way of movement. Among the requirements that are mandatory for compliance include the following factors. Along with the route of the car carrier of dangerous goods, no large industrial facilities should be located. In addition, the carrier can not cross the areas of mass recreation of people, protected areas and other protected areas. Also throughout the route should be taken into account the driver's recreation areas and gas stations. Another thing to remember is that the route can not pass through large settlements. If the need to enter the city is preserved, the route should be routed away from places of mass gathering of people - entertainment facilities, cultural and educational, educational, medical, etc. To coordinate everything, it is necessary to submit a fully-fledged routing sheet to the road safety authorities, at least 10 days before the start of transportation. In the event that the circumstances have changed, or the route sheet needs to be adjusted, it is necessary to coordinate the new project with the internal affairs bodies. The permit is issued in triplicate, one of which remains with the traffic police, the other at the trucking organization, the third at the person in charge of the cargo.

The rules of loading and unloading, as well as the carriage of dangerous goods

All loading and unloading work is very rigidregulated. Control over them should be carried out by the person who was chosen as the responsible person. In the absence of such a representative of the consignor and the driver of the vehicle. You can load the car up to its full carrying capacity - the volume must necessarily be prescribed in a special instruction for the trip. Be sure to comply with all security measures - the lack of jerks, jerks, strikes when moving cargo to the machine. Avoid and those operations that can cause the appearance of sparks. The car engine must be switched off at the time of loading or unloading. In addition, it should be remembered that it is possible to take or hand over dangerous goods only at special posts. Loading or unloading of dangerous substances is prohibited if there is any damage to the packaging or the car. In addition to the loading and unloading rules, the rules of transportation itself are strictly regulated. So, for example, the driver very clearly must comply with the speed regime, which was personally determined for him by the internal affairs agencies, taking into account the transportation area and road conditions. Transportation must ensure the safety of both cargo and the environment. Parking for drivers in residential areas is prohibited. As a rule, for this purpose special places are located, which are located no closer than 200 meters from places of congestion of people. When stopping for rest the driver must put the car on the parking brake. If on the ground there is a slope, it is necessary to place additional wheel chocks under the wheels. There must be a fuel reserve for a distance of at least 500 km. If you plan to travel more than this distance, you need to equip the car with an additional fuel tank (this procedure must also be coordinated with the traffic police). If you follow all the rules of transportation and go through all the approvals, transportation of even dangerous goods will be safe enough and not so complicated.