Tip 1: What is the function of the bearings
Tip 1: What is the function of the bearings
The industry produces different kinds of bearings today. They are used in many mechanisms. The main function of any bearing is to reduce friction between parts of the structure.
Plain bearings
Very many machines have in their designrotating parts. It can be different levers, wheels and drums. Some of them are firmly fixed to the shaft and rotate with it, transferring motion to other parts of the mechanism. Others freely rotate on their axes. Between the rotating parts there is friction, which prevents the free rotation of the parts of the mechanism. Friction can play a positive role, for example, it is due to friction that the operation of the brake is possible. But it is necessary to take into account that friction can lead to negative consequences. When rubbing, the metal heats up, the parts wear out, which often leads to breakdowns. To avoid this, dry friction is replaced by rolling friction or liquid sliding friction. Bearings are special supports, the use of which allows you to remove dry friction. All bearings are divided into two large groups: plain bearings and rolling bearings. The design of sliding bearings consists of a detachable body and liners or from a body with a hole and a bush pressed into it. Details subject to friction are always produced from different materials. For example, liners are made of bronze, and shafts are made of ferrous metals. This method allows you to significantly reduce friction. In addition, special grooves are laid on the inner surface of the liners. On them the lubricant spreads, which, when the shaft rotates, forms an oil film, which lifts the shaft. It no longer touches the surfaces of the liners, the dry friction is replaced by a liquid friction.Rolling bearings
The main function of rolling bearings is to overcomefriction. Rollers or steel balls installed in bearings roll on the grooves of the rings placed between the rotating shaft and the fixed support. This allows you to effectively overcome friction. In order to select the bearings correctly, it is necessary to take into account which machine node they will be installed on. When starting from a place, it is necessary to use rolling bearings. But the sliding bearings in this case is not recommended - they do not work well when starting. In conventional motors, ball bearings are installed; in the car, the semi-axles of the front wheels rest on the ball bearings, the crankshaft on the plain bearings. Needle bearings are installed on the mechanisms that are under heavy loads. This bearing starts to work as a roller, and as the shaft speed increases, the needles stop rolling. They form, together with the oil, an inner ring that slides between the bearing rings. Needle bearing combines all the advantages of rolling bearings and sliding bearings.Tip 2: How to remove the front spring
The spring of the front suspension is removed for replacementor for repairing the suspension. On the rear-wheel drive vehicles, you have to remove the spring when replacing the silent blocks or suspension levers. On the front-wheel drive, the spring is removed when the rack is replaced or repaired.
You will need
- - a set of keys;
- - jack;
- - the ripper of the steering tip;
- - puller ball;
- - Pliers;
- - puller of springs.
Instructions
1
Prepare the car for repair. Under the rear wheels, set the chocks so that the car does not roll off. Zadneprivodnye cars can still be put on speed, and front-wheel drive on the handbrake. Raise the car on the jack and place a support under it. Remove the wheel by unscrewing the bolts that secure it to the hub.
2
Look at which type of suspension on yourcar. This will determine what actions will be taken to carry out repairs. For example, the classic two-link suspension, which consists of upper and lower levers, fixed on the body with the help of silent blocks. Front-wheel drive cars have a MacPherson-type suspension, in which there are no levers, and the shock absorber itself performs several functions simultaneously.
3
Remove the cotter pin from the steering tip andUnscrew the nut if you have a front-wheel drive car with a MacPherson-type suspension. Beforehand, unscrew the nut that secures the shock absorber rod to the support bearing. Next, using a puller for the steering rods, remove the tip from the pivot. The rack is attached to the hub by two bolts, one of which has eccentric washers to adjust the camber. Before loosening the bolts, mark the position of the hub with respect to the post. In case you will install the same rack. If you are going to put another, you will have to make a disorganization of the wheels.
4
Squeeze the spring by the puller, if you haverear-wheel drive car with a lever suspension. This will avoid the full expansion of the spring, and even facilitate further installation. Now remove the shock absorber and proceed to remove the ball bearings. Balls do not need to be removed completely, just unscrew the three bolts with which each support is attached to the lever. Pull the wheel hub aside. Unscrew the bar, which is screwed anti-roll bar to the lower lever. Now, lowering the lower lever, you can remove the spring.
5
Remove the three nuts that securing the supportthe bearing to the body, if you have a front-wheel drive car with a McPherson suspension. When you unscrew these three nuts, the entire stand will freely come down. Due to the fact that the nut, which fixed the rod, was torn beforehand, now it will be much easier to unscrew it. But first squeeze the spring puller. Do this gently, evenly pulling the two sides of the spring. When the spring is compressed, it is necessary to unscrew the nut from the stem, remove the support bearing, after which only the spring will come out.
Tip 3: How to replace VAZ racks
In those cases, when for any reason installed in the car racks ceased to satisfy the owner,they are replaced. Discontent with racks can arise due to: too soft, or vice versa - excessively rigid cushioning at the moment of overcoming by the car of various obstacles.
You will need
- - a set of metalwork tools,
- - puller for ball bearings,
- - puller for steering rods.
Instructions
1
The procedure for replacing the front pillars begins with the installation of the front of the car with a jack on a rigid support.
2
After installing the machine properly withit removes the wheels and unscrews the nuts securing the bearings of the front hubs. Then the brake mechanisms that are suspended on the front beam are dismantled.
3
Further, the upper rod fastenersboth shock absorbers, detach the tips of the steering rods, on the fingers of which the nuts are previously unscrewed, the ball bearings are dismantled, and racks are derived from the articulation with the drive shafts.
4
Then in the engine compartment, unscrew three nuts of the top mounting of the racks, from the right and left side. Having dismantled unfit for further operation, racks change to new, and all further actions associated with assembling the front suspension are carried out in the reverse order.
