Tip 1: What the car consists of
Tip 1: What the car consists of
The car is a means of comfortable movement, which is a complex device that consists of several interconnected units, basic and additional systems and units.
Car carrier elements
At the beginning of the road development of the automotive assemblyAll cars were built on a rigid frame. The frame served as the basis for fastening all the mechanisms and bodywork, therefore it was called the carrier. Today, frame structures have remained mainly on trucks and on several types of male off-road vehicles. Now the assembly of cars is made on the basis of a load-bearing body, which is the basic element intended for fastening all other elements and assemblies. Inside the body create a cozy and comfortable cabin.The first known drawings of a car with a spring drive belong to Leonardo da Vinci, but neither the current copy nor the information about its existence has survived to this day.
Engine
Internal combustion engine - unitPerforming the main role in the ability to move around auto. It converts the chemical energy of the fuel that burns in the engine's working chamber into mechanical work, thanks to which the car has the ability to move. The main drawback of this engine is considered to be the production of high power only in a narrow range of revolutions. In some modern car models, new hybrid and electric engines are increasingly being used, which can operate on hydrocarbon fuel or electricity. But they can not completely replace internal combustion engines, so the vast majority of cars are equipped with internal combustion engines. Lubrication of the engine is made directly into the engine by the oil system.Transmission
Transmission - a set of devices designedTo transfer the energy of the engine in the form of torque to the driving wheels. In cars, transmission refers to very important nodes involved in the movement of the vehicle. There are mechanical and automatic transmissions. The choice of the transmission ratio of the transmission, which determines the amount of torque on the driving wheels of the car, is determined by the purpose of the car, engine parameters and dynamic characteristics.Suspension system
Suspension of the car - a complex system of nodes,which includes levers, shock absorbers, springs and hinge elements. Depending on the type of suspension, it can also consist of additional electro- or pneumatic elements. With the help of knots of the suspension system, the wheels can turn and effectively overcome all irregularities of road surfaces. Rectilinear wheel retention is also ensured by the proper operation of this system. Suspension is responsible for the behavior of the car on the road and the comfort of the trip.Steering
To the next main node of any transportmeans, directly connected with the suspension system, is the steering, which provides movement in the direction necessary for the driver. The main element of the steering system is the steering wheel, through which the direction of the car is controlled.Brake system
The braking system is included in the list of basicnodes of the vehicle. This system is controlled by the brake pedal, which, under the influence of driving efforts, transfers the energy increased to the brake pads.Electrical system
The electrical system of the car is alsoone of the main components of the car. It includes an engine start system, battery, generator and wiring. The car's electrical system is responsible for the uninterrupted start-up of the engine and the operation of all elements of the car that consume electricity.Despite the wide variety of cars produced, there are always three main parts in their device: the engine, the chassis and the body.The description of the main systems and units should also be supplemented with heating, cooling, air conditioning and washing systems, elements and details creating additional comfort.
Tip 2: How to decode a VIN car
VIN number The car carries in itself almost complete information about theof this model. These car identifiers are clearly structured and unique. The number itself consists of 17 positions, where different data of each machine is encrypted, which can often help with the purchase and selection of a new car.
Instructions
1
First you need to find a plate with a VIN number. Most modern VIN cars are located on the left of the instrument panel, visible through the windshield. Also, the code can be installed on the left front rack, door sills, on the partition between the engine and the cabin. In SUVs, the number is sometimes attached to the spars.
2
The number consists of three parts: WMI, VDS and VLS. WMI defines the manufacturer, the VDS section is dedicated to technical features, and VLS identifies the differences of a particular model and its modifications.
3
The first three positions indicate the region, the country and the manufacturer. The list for decoding is given in specialized reference books.
4
From 4th to 9th position technical data are indicatedauto - describes the type of body, engine package. There is no single standard for the design of pointers, each manufacturer reserves the right to prescribe and encrypt all information at its discretion. Usually 4 and 5 are responsible for the model, 6 points to the wheelbase, 7 - to the body type, and 8 - to the engine. In the 9th character, you can find out the type of transmission installed on the car, or find out the check digit that protects the code from making changes or interrupting.
5
10 position in the VIN indicates the model year thatallows you to know the approximate date of release of the car from the conveyor. However, this date does not coincide with the calendar year. For example, in Audi, the model year begins in August, and in the VAZ - from July.
Tip 3: How to enable audio on the front panel
The second most important place in the design of the car interior is taken away audio system. In a modern vehicle it is notjust a radio tape recorder and a pair of speakers, as well as a changer, amplifiers, a subwoofer and other "gadgets". From what components are included in the audio system, it depends how to turn on the audio on this car.
Instructions
1
The way audio is switched on depends on the version"Scoring" your vehicle. The most common option - a budget audio system, presented by a radio tape recorder, two front and two rear dynamics. In this version, the amplifier is a built-in amplifier.
2
To turn on the budget audio system, turn on thepower to the head unit, resulting in the screen will display: SAFE. Then press FM and DX at the same time (keep these buttons until the number "1000" appears on the screen). Enter a special code, and then for two or three seconds, hold down the FM and DX buttons: the radio will turn on.
3
The middle-level audio system consists of a radio, the front acoustics, which is connected bytwo-channel amplifier, rear acoustics, coming from the tail of the head unit. The sequence of audio inclusion of this variant of "scoring" is similar to the inclusion of a budget audio system, that is, you need to turn on the power of the head unit, press a certain pair of keys, enter the code, and then repeat the simultaneous pressing of the key.
4
There are also high-class speakers,containing car stereo, front speakers (can be two two-channel or four single-channel and others) and a subwoofer. The inclusion of this audio system is identical to the order of inclusion of the budget option and the mid-range audio system.
