Tip 1: Temperature in newborns: norm and pathology
Tip 1: Temperature in newborns: norm and pathology
One of the indicators of human health -Body temperature. In newborn babies the mechanism of thermoregulation is still imperfect. If the thermometer shows a slightly elevated or lowered temperature, the parents begin to worry. You should know what temperature for the newborn is the norm, so as not to panic in vain.
Methods and rules for measuring temperature
The temperature can be measured not only inaxillary hollow. There is still a rectal and oral method. With the rectal method of measurement, the indices will be in the range of 36.9-, 37.5 ° C, and for the oral - 36.6-37.3 ° C. In the first 4-5 months of life, it is recommended to measure the temperature by the rectal method, later the child becomes very active and will not give a normal procedure for such a procedure. To measure the temperature by the oral method, there are special thermometers in the form of pacifiers: they are absolutely safe for the baby. Mercury thermometer is used for measurements in the armpit, electronic - rectal, in the groin. The child should have his own personal thermometer. Body temperature fluctuates throughout the day. Increased it happens after feeding and crying. In view of this measurement it is better to conduct in the intervals between the feedings, when the baby is absolutely calm. At night and in the morning the temperature will be at the lowest level, and in the afternoon and in the evening time - at the highest level.When to be worried
The increased temperature of the baby's body can bea sign of ailment. Such a reaction can be caused by: infectious diseases, overheating of the body and vaccination. Take measures to reduce the temperature should be in case the child is already two months old, there is no noticeable change in the state of health, the limbs are warm to the touch and the figure on the thermometer has reached 38.5 ° C. When there is a spasm, blanching of the skin, coldness of the hands and feet, the temperature should be knocked down as soon as it reaches 37.5 ° C. In the presence of diseases of the cardiovascular or central nervous system in the baby, the temperature should be lowered at a temperature of 38 ° C. To reduce the temperature, physical methods are first used, and if they are ineffective, they are medicated. You need to undress the baby and wipe the skin with a damp cloth. The use of vodka and a solution of vinegar for children of such an early age is unacceptable. Rubbing is indicated only when the limbs are warm and the skin is pink. Use antipyretic drugs should be carefully, strictly observing the dosage, if possible after consulting with a doctor.Tip 2: Cephalohematoma in newborns
Kefalogematoma in newborns isa kind of birth trauma, in which there is a hemorrhage in the area between the periosteum and the outer surface of the skull, forming a characteristic bulge on the head. With timely access to medical care, the cephalohematoma is easily treatable.
The causes of the appearance of cephalohematoma
If the child has formed a cephalohematoma,The reasons for this unpleasant circumstance lie in the excessive squeezing of the head when moving a newborn through the birth canal. This happens if the woman has a narrow or flat pelvis or the fetus has a large size. The reasons for the formation of a cephalogematoma can be covered in hypotoxic birth injuries that arise when the cord is wrapped around the umbilical cord, the tongue is lingering, the mucus is accumulating in the mouth, and so on. e. In some cases, it is possible to predict the possibility of the formation of a cephalohematoma at the stage of pregnancy, but more often a cephalohematoma becomes an unpleasant surprise that can greatly frighten a young mother. Fortunately, modern medicine successfully treats such birth trauma, the main thing is to get medical help on time.Treatment of cephalohematoma in newborns
Methods of treatment of cephalohematoma in newbornsdepend on their size. Small cephalohematomas do not require any medical intervention and, as a rule, completely resolve to two months of a child's life. However, constant monitoring of the doctor is necessary. Perhaps the doctor, to help a small body, will prescribe calcium gluconate to strengthen blood vessels or vitamin K, which improves blood clotting. In this case, parents should try to prevent the child from crying for a long time, because during crying, blood flows to the head, complicating the process of resorption of swelling. If the dimensions of the cephalohematoma are more than normal, it is surgically removed. For this, the surgeon punctures the tumor with a special needle and pumps the blood. After that, a pressure bandage is applied on the head. The operation for pumping out the tumor is simple, but, given the child's small age, it is better to conduct it in a hospital setting so that the child is under the doctor's control around the clock. After removal of the tumor, the surgeon should examine the child daily, measuring the temperature and assessing the skin condition at the tumor site. If the doctor notices suppuration, the child is prescribed anti-inflammatory drugs. In some cases, it is necessary to resort to additional surgical interventions associated with the removal of pus and blood remnants. In any case, moms should not panic: by following the recommendations of doctors, you will definitely achieve full recovery of the baby, and after a couple of months and do not remember that he had some problems.Tip 3: How to treat a newborn baby
Breast - a common phenomenon among newborn babies. It is important to properly monitor the health of the baby during this period to prevent the development of infectious mastitis.
Instructions
1
Swelling of mammary glands in babies of the first monthlife often scares young parents, but in itself this symptom does not pose a danger to the baby. This state is considered a variant of the norm, since along with the milk of the mother, the baby receives maternal hormones. A certain amount of these hormones in his body came in the prenatal period. In many children this leads to a pronounced hormonal crisis, the signs of which begin to appear from the very birth. By the end of the first week of life, some babies, regardless of sex, are bruised. When the first swelling of the baby's mom should be extremely careful and follow the hygiene of the baby. The usual swelling of the breast, caused by a hormonal splash, goes away by itself in two to three weeks, when the hormonal background of the baby stabilizes. If the pathogen gets pathogenic microorganisms, the natural state can pass into infectious mastitis.
2
Mastitis, or complication of the physiological breast -A dangerous pathology that develops as a result of infection of the baby's mammary glands in the first weeks of life. Almost never mastitis does not appear as an independent disease - neonatal mastitis is a consequence of the physiological swelling of the breast in a baby. A couple of days after infection, a foci of purulent inflammation forms in the chest.
3
If the child has an ordinary breastfedwithout foci of inflammation and signs of malaise, you do not need to use medication. The swelling of the breast will gradually disappear, and parents should carefully monitor the hygiene of the child during this period. Clothes should not rub the delicate skin of the baby's breast, but to prevent the infectious germs of the baby from entering the baby's organism, one should bathe every day. When the breasts are contra-indicated, compresses and medicinal ointments are contraindicated. On the chest can not be pressed, as this can lead to infection.
4
At the first signs of mastitis to the parents of the babyit is necessary to consult a pediatrician. If touches to the chest cause pain, swelling begins to blush, and the general condition of the baby worsens, you will need medication. The child becomes weak and restless during mastitis, his appetite disappears, the body temperature rises. The chest becomes dense and swollen, every touch causes pain, and the child constantly screams. In order to prevent purulent complications, kids with mastitis are usually hospitalized in a hospital. Doctors identify the type of pathogen and, in accordance with this, prescribe antibiotic therapy.
