Tip 1: What is an array?

Computers & Software

Tip 1: What is an array?

With one hundred percent certainty, we can say that there is no programmer who does not use in their programs massif. They not only simplify the life of the developer, but also make it possible to perform tasks that can not be performed without it.

An array is an ordered set of data, not necessarily one type, which is identified by one or more indexes. The first type massifa is static. It is present in all high-level languages. Such massifI am one-dimensional and multidimensional (usually haveno more than 2 or 3 dimensions). In some languages, the latter are not available, for example, ActionScript. In it they are organized by creating the so-called "massifa massifs, i. e. placement in cells massifrather than simple data (int, Boolean, byte, etc.), and others massifs. Examples of static declaration massifbut in different languages: In Pascal: x: array [1..15] of Integer; {One-dimensional massif 15 elements of type Integer} x1: array [1..5, 1..5] of Char; {Two-dimensional

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massif (table) for 5 rows and 5 columns} In C / C ++: int a [10]; // One-dimensional massif for10 elements of the type integer (int) double b [12] [15]; // Two-dimensional massif on 12 rows and 15 columns of type double. Second type massifbut is dynamic. This type can change its size during the execution of the program. This feature can be very useful. It is used in the case when it is difficult to immediately decide which dimension should be created massif. Examples: In Delphi: a1: Array of Byte; // One-dimensional massif type byte a2: Array of Array of char; // Multidimensional massif type char In C ++: float * arr1; // One-dimensional massif int ** arr2; // Multidimensional massif arr1 = new float [70]; // selection of 70 blockssize float arr2 = new int * [99]; // allocating 99 blocks with the size of a pointer to int for (int k = 0; k <99; k ++) arr2 [k] = new int [17]; Advantages massif- ease of determining the address of an element byindex, the same access time to any element and the small size of the elements. However, there are some drawbacks inherent in their different types. For example, a lack of static massifbut is the lack of dynamics, and the dynamic massifa - lower speed. Therefore, it is worth choosing the type that is optimal for the solution of the task.

Tip 2: What is the cursed summit of Mont Blanc?

Mont Blanc is a huge mountain range,located in the western Alps on the border of France and Italy. About its magnitude can be judged by this fact: the array has as many as 18 peaks with a height of more than 4000 meters above sea level! The highest of them carries the same name - Mont Blanc, which translates from the French language as "White Mountain".

For a long time in all the directories it was indicated,that the height of the mountain is 4807 meters, now the more reliable is the value of 4810 meters. A paid 11.6 km tunnel is laid beneath this massif with the help of which it is possible to cross the French-Italian border. The natural beauty of Mont Blanc from generation to generation inspired creative people: artists, writers, composers. And then Mont Blanc became a real paradise for both mountaineers and fans of alpine skiing. In the immediate vicinity of the highest peak of this massif is the world famous ski resort - the town of Chamonix, where the first Winter Olympic Games took place in 1924. The valley of Chamonix, which is 16 kilometers in length, is rightfully considered one of the most beautiful places in Europe. Its slopes abound with trails of any complexity category, and in the town itself there are a lot of hotels for every taste and purse. Guests of the town can enjoy the highest level of service and at the same time fabulously beautiful landscapes. However, where the mountains - there is a danger. "White Assassins" - since ancient times called snow avalanches - the horror of the Alps. And the most bad reputation, perhaps, at one of the peaks of the Mont Blanc Massif - the mountain, which has a height of 4465 meters. Its very name says a lot: Mont Maudit - "The Cursed Mountain". In earlier times, local people believed that it was on it that evil spirits live, which send avalanches to people who disturbed their peace. Now the 21st century, almost nobody believes in spirits, but the inhabitants of the valley of Chamonix continue to claim that it is from this mountain that the most powerful avalanches are especially frequent. And these are not empty words: in 1991 a monstrous avalanche, which fell from the slope of the Cursed Mountain, destroyed 14 houses. Now this tragedy is reminiscent of a large stone cross, put on the place where people once lived.

Tip 3: What is an association

Association - a term of Latin origin, denoting "unification". This concept is applied in various spheres of science, and accordingly, it has different content content.

Instructions

In astronomy, stellar associations are calleda group of young stars that are not connected or weakly bound by gravity, which are united by a common origin and, over time, according to studies of astronomical scientists, expand and disintegrate. They have a large size and relatively low density. One association counts from tens to thousands of stars born of star formation regions.

In programming, the associative arraySupport operations for adding, deleting and searching for a pair by an available key. It is an array in which not only integers can be used as indices, but also values related to other types.

In chemistry, the association designates a fusion of moresimple molecules into more complex ones, which do not cause a change in the chemical nature of the substance. Separate associations of molecules and ions. The association of molecules is based on the action of intermolecular forces. Ions are associated with the appearance of electrostatic interactions. Associations influence the properties and are important in the formation of complex compounds.

Association in psychology is a logicala connection that arises in the process of thinking between certain facts, objects, events that have remained in the consciousness and memory of a person. With the existing associative connection between the two psychic phenomena, the appearance in the mindset of a certain event necessarily leads to the emergence in the mind of a certain other, connected with the first. This is the connection that arises in the course of thinking between the components of the psyche, when there is a subjective connection between two objectively unrelated objects. By the type of education, several types of associations are distinguished: association by similarity, by contrast, proximity in space or time, cause-and-effect associations. The association is based on a short-term generation of mental impulses, which are responsible for the subject similarity. The basis of thinking in this case can be represented as an operation to analyze and synthesize the formed conditional relationships.

In the social sciences, the association is the organizational and legal form of non-profit organizations, which is a voluntary association of legal entities.

Tip 4: What is Nordic walking

Scandinavian walking with sticks is a uniqueThe type of fitness, developed originally for training and rehabilitation of skiers. While walking with sticks, practically all the muscles of the body are involved, so it is considered to be as effective as running, but it does not injure the joints.

Scandinavian walking appeared in Finland almost80 years ago, but the popularity began to be used only in the 80 years of the last century. From Scandinavia this sport has spread almost all over the planet, winning millions of fans.

Before you start an unusual formwalk, you need to find the right place for training. It can be a park, a forest or a park. The main condition - only fresh air around. The maximum benefit walking with sticks brings, if the classes take place on rough terrain.

The next important point is the sticks for the Scandinavianwalk. They need to be bought, focusing on their growth, multiplied by 0.68. It should be borne in mind that sticks should be designed for Nordic walking, not for skis or tracking. In order not to damage the joints of the hands, you need to buy sticks with carbon in the composition, since this material has the ability to absorb, making the sticks not only safe and reliable, but also durable.

Scandinavian walking is convenient becauseThis sport is suitable for any season of the year, the main thing is to choose the right clothes. It should be comfortable, "breathing", not constraining movements. The same rule applies to shoes.

For lessons to be effective, you need to masterthe technique of Scandinavian walking. It resembles a ski: the alternate step is the right arm and the left leg, and vice versa. The leg should always roll from heel to toe, the movements should be smooth. The vertex should extend upwards so that the back is always as straight as possible.

Walking with sticks is a great option for those,who wants to start bringing the figure to shape without exhausting training. This is a natural movement for the body, so no preliminary preparation is required. You can start with small walks, getting pleasure from them and trying not to exhaust yourself to exhaustion, then walking will gradually become a habit, the lessons will become regular and lasting.