Tip 1: How to issue

Culture and Society

Tip 1: How to issue

One of the methods of placing the main securities is issuance. It is a set of sequential actions of the issuer with a view to placing securities.

Instructions

The purpose of the issue is to attractadditional financial resources. It also takes place when a joint-stock company is established, in case of a change in the nominal value of previously issued securities or when securities with new properties are issued.

Emission can be primary and subsequent, andalso open and closed. Open still called public. In this case, securities are placed among an unlimited number of investors, it is accompanied by an official public announcement, with disclosure of information. In the case of a closed issue, shares or bonds are offered to a predetermined circle of persons.

It is usually carried out by attracting professional participants, called underwriters. They serve all of its stages from the choice of parameters to placement among investors.

The emission procedure includes the following steps:- the decision-making process - the state registration of the issue - the production of securities certificates in the case of its documentary form - the placement of securities - the registration of the report on the results of the issue - the introduction of the necessary changes to the company's charter when issuing shares.

In case of an open subscription or closed, ifthe number of investors exceeds 500, the procedure also includes: - registration of the prospectus - disclosure of information contained in the prospectus - disclosure of information contained in the report on the results of the issue.

Before the state registration, any actions with securities, including advertising, are prohibited.

The most important point for the issuer isplacement of issued securities. It is carried out at an issue price. The procedure for determining it must be fixed in the prospectus. It can vary depending on market conditions. The issuing price of a share can not be lower than its nominal value, but it can be higher than it. In the case of a bond, the offering price can be any.

Tip 2: How to find a shareholder

Shareholders call owners of shares, possessionwhich gives rise to certain rights and obligations. A shareholder can be both a natural person and a legal entity, as well as a joint-stock company or a munipipal entity.

Instructions

A shareholder may own one or more, andoften a whole package of shares that make up the capital of the joint-stock company. Depending on their number and scope of rights, there are two types of shareholders. The first is a shareholder who owns ordinary shares. This is a type of security, the rights to issue of which belong to an officially registered joint-stock company. It gives the right to receive dividends - a kind of income from owning such a paper. Another type is preferred shareholders. Such shares provide for the emergence of their holders of special rights, while limiting them compared to ordinary shareholders. They receive a stable income from their stake, rather than a percentage of income - as in the case of dividends.

Determined with the type of shareholder you arewant to find, proceed directly to the search. Sending information about your joint-stock company will help. Your goal is not to inform everyone in the world about what a shareholder needs, but to send an offer only to potential investors in your business. The most optimal options are Internet mailing and the transmission of a package with basic information by courier. Send such "promotional packages" and a new shareholder to the business partners, venture capitalists and potentially interested in your proposal people. It will not take long.

The selection of people for such a mailing shouldbased on your experience. Let it be people who have not only money, but also experience in the same field of business, and also positively self-proved. The advertising package should be a clear statement of your business idea on several pages of printed text. Not every potential shareholder can over 10 pages of boring text.

Tip 3: UAH - what is this currency?

UAH is the designation of the Ukrainian hryvnia. The currency is classified as "soft currencies", which also includes the currencies of developing countries. Until 1996, the territory of the country, money transactions were carried out by the Carpathians, and only thanks to the 1996 reform, the Ukrainian national currency, the hryvnia, entered the market.

This name is enshrined in the Constitution of Ukraine. For 18 years, the National Bank of Ukraine conducted 18 issues. Now there are nine denominations of hryvnia in circulation: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 UAH.

About coins and banknotes

A small coin for UAH is a penny,which is the hundredth part of the hryvnia. In the course of 6 denominations: 1, 2, 5, 10, 25 and 50 kopecks. In addition, a coin worth 1 hryvnia was additionally introduced. The obverse of the coins contains the name of the state, the Coat of Arms, the year of coinage and floral ornament. On the reverse - ornament and denomination. Since 2004, a coin with a face value of 1 hryvna of the 1995 model was replaced by a coin bearing the image of Vladimir the Great. In 2013, changes have undergone coins with a face value of 50 kopecks, which today are made of low-carbon steel. Coins of nominal value 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 125, 200, 250, 500 hryvnias are issued as jubilee and memorable. Also chasing investment coins is carried out: 2, 5, 10, 20 hryvnia - gold, 1 hryvnia - silver. It is interesting that the first Ukrainian coins were produced at the mint of England and the Lugansk cartridge factory. On each front side of the banknote portraits of the great figures of Ukraine from the Middle Ages to the XIX century are depicted. With the Russian ruble, the hryvnia is united by a historical personality, such as Yaroslav the Wise, whose portrait is placed on 1000 rubles and 2 grivnas. The back side of the hryvnia contains the inscription "National Bank of Ukraine", architectural motifs, ornament and coat of arms.

Where is the symbol of the hryvnia

The symbol of the hryvnia is a handwritten version of the Cyrillicthe sign "g". Two horizontal features symbolize stability, a similar element is contained in the designation of the Japanese yen and the euro. The graphic symbol on a number of denominations is a protective element, a light watermark is recognized on bills of 1 and 500 hryvnas of 2006 and 200 hryvnias of 2007.

Authentication of the hryvnia

The Ukrainian hryvnia has a number of protective elements,which ensure its safety. The watermark repeats the image of the portrait, located on the front side of the bill, viewed against the light. The protective tape is completely immersed in the depth of paper, viewed against the light. Banknotes with denominations of 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 hryvnia have a tape in the form of a magnetic code of denomination, a banknote of 1 hryvnia - magnetic segments. Protective fibers are chaotically placed on the surface and in the thickness of the paper on both sides of the banknote. In addition to the above-described means of protection on the hryvnia are placed end-to-end elements, microtext, rainbow printing, anti-skanner mesh, infrared and magnetic protection.