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At the end of the fourteenth century, in Ulm, which already lived10 thousand citizens, it was decided to build a huge Gothic cathedral, as it is called in Germany - Munster, which was not in any metropolitan city of Europe. The money for its creation was given by private individuals. June 30, 1397 the mayor of the city Ludwig Kraft laid the foundation of the cathedral.

They built the structure very quickly and by 1405the main part of Münster has not been completed yet without a bell-spire. But then troubles began. The architects did not calculate the severity of the arches approaching a height of almost 100 meters, the naves were shaken, and the whole structure nearly collapsed. This would lead to the destruction of a beautiful market square, a magistrate, the nearest houses. It would be a universal scandal.

Construction stopped and began to strengthen the building in every possible way. It was successful, but the construction again got up. And it was not about finance. The money was, there was no unity of the Church.

In Germany, the Reformation expanded. The Catholic religion was losing its position. The rebel critic of the papal rule in Rome in 1517 was made by a young doctor of theology from the University of Wittenberg, Martin Luther. He demanded the reform of the Catholic Christian doctrine, bring it in line with the Bible, called the abuse of the Catholic Church immoral, in particular the sale of indulgences. So there was Protestantism. Only after that, in 1530, in Ulm, the construction of Munster began. Now he was considered Lutheran.

In 1543 the construction stopped again, notreaching a height of 100 meters. The split of the church into Catholic and Protestant led to the termination of funding. Catholics did not want to make donations in favor of the Lutheran Cathedral, and the Lutherans themselves did not have enough funds to build the bell tower. Nevertheless, divine services began to be held in Münster.

Only 300 years later, local authorities decidedto bring the construction, begun in the XIV century, to completion. And by 1890 Munster was ready. There can be 22 thousand believers in a room at the same time, there are 2 thousand seats.

Council 2: What is the Cathedral of the Holy Radonezh

On July 19, one of the holidays of the RussianThe Orthodox Church, which is called the Cathedral of the Radonezh Saints. This holiday is relatively few years - in 2012 it is held for the 21st time. However, the events and saints, in honor of which it is established, refer to the history of Rus- sia six centuries ago.

Applied to people, not buildings, word"Cathedral" most often designate a meeting - a group of people or a set of acts of one person. There are a number of church holidays called to glorify the collection (cathedral) of the blessings of one saint (for example, the Cathedral of the Blessed Virgin) or to celebrate a group of saints. Such a group is united either by a common feat, or by a place of birth or service. The Cathedral of Radonezh Saints is a holiday in honor of St. Sergius of Radonezh, his disciples, interlocutors, relatives and holy monks of the Trinity-Sergius monastery. Sergei Radonezhsky - an Orthodox monk who lived in the 14th century, founded several monasteries, including the Trinity-Sergius Lavra. His disciples also were the organizers of the new monasteries and the presidents of more than four dozen monasteries. Sergius of Radonezh left a notable mark in the history of the unification of Rus, which helped to get rid of the Tatar-Mongol yoke. In addition, the description of the life and deeds of the saint mentions the numerous miracles performed by him. By the Russian Orthodox Church, the Monk Sergius is ranked among the saints. In the Cathedral of the Radonezh Saints, there are almost eight dozen names of saints directly related to the life of Sergius of Radonezh and the Trinity-Sergius Monastery. In this list there are, for example, the icon painter Andrei Rublev, the great prince Dimitri Donskoy and the princess Evdokia, the scribe Cyril of Radonezh and the scheming monk Maria Radonezhskaya - the parents of St. Sergius of Radonezh, his brother - the monk Stefan of Moscow and others. In the 17th century the first of the extant us lists of students of St. Sergius of Radonezh, and also painted the icon of the Cathedral of the Radonezh Saints. And the first official celebration was carried out in 1981 with the blessing of the then head of the Russian Orthodox Church, His Holiness Patriarch Pimen. The date of the new holiday was set July 19 - the day after the feast in honor of the relics of St. Sergius.