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Classification of parties on an organizational basis

Classification became widely knownparties, proposed M. Duverger. He singled out the personnel and mass parties. Mass parties are numerous in composition. They participate in political and financial-economic life. These parties exist on membership fees and oblige their members to actively participate in the activities of parties. They conduct extensive educational and propaganda work. At the head of the parties are professional politicians. As a rule, workers are the social base of mass parties. Personnel parties involve participation in their work of professional politicians. They are financed from private sources and are based on the middle class. Mass parties achieve their goals due to strength, and personnel through professional selection. Their work is activated during the election period.

Classification of parties by social base

Each lot is created on a certainsocial base. By this principle, it is possible to single out bourgeois and working people. The first kind is focused on representing the interests of the middle class and the entrepreneurial stratum. Among the parties of working people, it is possible to single out workers and agrarian parties. The workers' parties became the answer to the injustice of the distribution of economic goods under the capitalist system, while the agrarian parties opposed the process of industrialization.

Classification of parties in place in power

Political parties can beruling, or to be oppositional. They can be legal or illegal (forbidden). In place in the party spectrum, the right, centrist and left parties share. The leftists are called supporters of radical changes. They are usually regarded as communist, socialist and social-democratic parties. To the right, liberals and fascists are ranked. In most parties there are factions that may not share an official position. Parties can be federal and regional.

Classification of parties by ideological orientation

In relation to social transformationsdistinguish between radical and moderate, revolutionary and reformist, progressive and reactionary parties. Radical parties are in favor of a radical reorganization of existing orders, including through violent measures. Conservatives oppose reforms. According to ideological criteria, liberal, social-democratic, communist, religious and other kinds of parties are singled out. Religious parties insist on the need to manage the state in accordance with the dogmas of religion. Liberal parties insist on the importance of ensuring freedom of economic activity and non-interference in private life. The Social Democrats advocate the establishment of social justice and greater freedom. The Communist parties base their ideas on the principles of social equality, public ownership of the means of production.