Tip 1: How to treat democracy
Tip 1: How to treat democracy
The democratic regime is today consideredif not the only possible, then at least the most progressive and humane state system. However, in the history of world thought there were many examples of a critical attitude toward democracy.
Instructions
1
Of course, modern state structuresthe authorities differ significantly from their predecessor, the Athenian democracy, because then the right to participate in political life was granted to a limited circle of free men. Nevertheless, such a system took place, as well as criticism of the philosopher Plato. In his dialogue Protagoras, the thinker through the mouth of Socrates ironically notes that when building a building people turn to the architect, when creating a ship - to the ship builder, and only when it comes to managing the state, everyone is ready to judge and give advice. In his work "The State", Plato directly calls democracy the least successful system, since the crowd can not make effective decisions. Solidarity with his predecessor and Aristotle, who in "Politics" does not appreciate democracy. According to the philosopher, it naturally degenerates into "ochlocracy" - the power of the crowd.
2
The cradle of modern democracy by rightare considered the United States. Its principle is based on the idea of the inalienable natural human rights - to life, freedom, property. At the same time, elective institutions of power were developed. However, to the universal suffrage all countries have been going for more than one year and not even one century. Thus, in America, women were given the opportunity to vote only in 1920, and property and educational qualifications were abolished only in the 70s of the last century. Today, to refuse someone in the electoral law means to cast doubt on his human dignity. Often, democracy is understood not as a political regime of one or another effectiveness, but the level of humaneness of society and the value of human rights and freedoms.
3
Conceptually, as an ideal model, democracyrepresents a just structure of the political system, under which every person has a chance to vote for a representative of the party expressing his interests. The fact that existing democracies are far from ideal does not make this model less viable than other regimes. However, elections alone will not bring justice until the level of legal culture and civic consciousness remains low.
Council 2: What political system in the UK
Great Britain is a unitarya state with a parliamentary monarchy in which Queen Elizabeth II leads the United Kingdom and another 15 countries that are members of the independent Commonwealth. It is not entirely true that monarchs occupy a symbolic role in the political structure of Great Britain, but the constitution and the existing parties are still its foundation.
Instructions
1
The Parliament of Great Britain is based onWestminster system, which implies a democracy-based parliamentary system of government. The British parliament is divided into two chambers, which sit in the Palace of Westminster. This is the famous House of Commons and the House of Lords.
2
Any document accepted by them must passthrough the procedure of the Royal sanction before becoming the current law. The Parliament of Great Britain is the only legislative institution in the country, since such government bodies of Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales are not sovereign and can be abolished.
3
The head of the government isPrime Minister, who is elected by decision of the members of the House of Commons. Usually it becomes the leader of the most popular political party. After the vote, the Prime Minister receives an official appointment by decision of the monarch, after which the current government is formed, and now the government of Her Majesty. At the same time, the Cabinet of Ministers is appointed only at the request of the Prime Minister.
4
The political system of the country isa three-party scheme consisting of conservatives, Laborites and liberal democrats. The remaining government entities are very few. For example, in 2010, these three parties received 622 seats in the House of Commons from 650 possible. The Liberal Democrats Party is the third most popular in the country and was formed in 1988, the Labor Party, or the Workers' Party, has its history since 1900, and the Conservative Party is the oldest since the seventies of the 17th century.
5
Absolutely all party formationsGreat Britain, of which there are eight, are divided into 5 categories. So "ecologists" or "green", or the Green Party of England and Wales, together with the Communists or the "democratic left" form the so-called "left" direction; The Labor Party, or the Socialist Party, refers to the left-centrist; Liberal democracies, or the Liberal Party - to centrists; "Conservatives," or representatives of the Conservative Party, to center-rightists, and the Independence Party of the United Kingdom, or the "Eurosceptic" party, along with the British National Party, or the nationalist party, to the ultra-right.
