Tip 1: How to highlight the root in the word
Tip 1: How to highlight the root in the word
It is impossible to select the root of the word correctly without understandingits meaning. In our everyday speech there are many words in which it is easy to identify the root. And there are words that have ancient roots. To understand their composition, we must understand their meaning.
Instructions
1
The root is the main significant part of the word, its center. In many cases, root searches are not required, because the word consists only of the root: the table, the day. But it happens that the word "overgrown" with prefixes and suffixes, because the root serves to form one-root words. The root words should not only have the same spelling, but also have a common lexical meaning. For example, the word "white" and "protein" will not be single-root, because they have nothing in common with a lexical meaning. The word "white" has the root BEL-, and the word protein BELK-. Prove it simply, you just need to pick up the root words. WHITE - whiten, whitish, whiteness. PROTEIN - protein, squirrel.
2
Often the complexity is caused by words, the root inwhich is deeply hidden among prefixes and suffixes. How can a child find the root in the words "enjoy," "charming," "impression," "strawberry," "raspberry," "beat," "teacher," "charming"? To correctly identify the root in such words, it is necessary to know the etymology, that is, the origin of the word. The "enjoy" is derived from the word "sweet", which means that the root is the SLAVE. An interesting story with the word "impression". In the olden times, every owner has swallowed cattle, burning a brand on the body of a horse or a cow. For this, the iron, heated in the furnace, touched the animal and held it until there was a sign on its body that did not disappear all life. And so it burned a burnt place, that the root-PECH-here will be justified. The word "strawberry" comes from the word "land", because it grew on the ground. The root is EARTH. Do you think that raspberries were called raspberries because they are small? Not at all. The word "raspberry" has the root -MALIN-. The etymology of this word is still a mystery to us, so you just need to learn the root. In the word "teacher" the root is "Yes", because it gives knowledge (from the word "give.") A charming person was called one who knows how to banish, that is, speak beautifully root-BA-).
3
What is the root of the word "beat"? -BI-. There was such an object in the old days: it was beating. It was used to gather people for a fire or for another urgent matter. Yes, and now instead of this object often use that piece of rail, the carload buffer. From this word appeared others: the battle (-BI-), slaughter (-BOY-), surf (-BOY-), fighter (-BO-), tusk (-BI-). It is difficult to find the root in these words because the root here is with the alternation of vowels, with a fluent consonant and cunning and short (d).
4
In a number of cases it is difficult to determine the root of the word, so refer to the dictionaries. The most common is the School of General Education Dictionary of the Russian language A.N. Tikhonov.
Tip 2: How to determine the root of a word
With the need to find the root in the wordstudents encounter in the performance of morphemic analysis or as a result of checking its spelling when selecting single-root words. Not all students have a perfect knowledge of the definition of the root. How to learn how to highlight the main part the words?
Instructions
1
First of all, you should know that root is the only obligatory part the words. Without a prefix, a suffix and even without an ending the words can exist. Without a root - no. Pay attention to the fact that when you perform a morphemic analysis the words, root should be designated in the last place, after prefixes, suffixes, etc.
2
remember, that root is a common part of all related words. Therefore, the first thing to begin with is finding the root the words - this is the compilation of a chain of single-root words. When you select a sufficient number of related words, select their common part, i.e. root. But keep in mind that there are situations when the main significant part in these the wordsx will have a slightly different form. This can be seen on the example of the words "bear" and "wear". Please note that in one case there will be root "carried", and in the other - "nose". This can happen if the alternation occurs when the grammatical form changes or when the related words are selected. In this case, "e" alternates with "o".
3
Since primary school students know that the root meaning of all single-root words is at the root. But you must also remember that in Russian there is the words with the same root, but at the same time are not related. If you try to identify the main significant part in the the wordsx "water" and "driver", you will see that it is the same - "water". But these the words Remember that when you designate a root, you should also pay attention to the lexical meaning contained in it.
4
Know what you can meet the words not with one, but at once with several roots. For example, in the word "pedestrian" at once two roots - "pesh" and "move", which are connected by a connecting vowel "e". And in the word "earthquake", which is formed by adding from the words "earth" and "shaking" - the roots of "earth" and "shaking." Change the form the words, select relatives, and you can easily identify root in any situation.
Tip 3: How to find the root in the word
Root - the central morpheme, which is necessarily present in each the word. It expresses the main lexical meaning andis a common part of related words. In Russian, more than 4,000 root morphemes are recorded, the list of which is constantly replenished. Roots are not assigned to parts of speech, they carry semantic information about the word.
Instructions
1
To find the root in the word, selectit's related (single-root) words and select a common part in them. For example, "forestry - forester - forest - forest". The common morpheme of these words is "forest", which is the root. The root words can refer to one part of the speech, as well as to different: "the old man - old age - the elder", "the old - to grow old - the old woman - old-fashioned." As a result of the selection of related words, the root "-star-" stands out.
2
Pay attention to the roots that coincide insound, but completely different in meaning. They are called homonymous. For example, in the words "mountain - mountainous - mountainous" (the root "-gor-"), as well as in the words "burn - get hot - tan - burn out". These roots are uttered in exactly the same way, but the lexical meaning varies, so the words of the first and second groups are not single-root words.
3
Some roots in the selection of related wordsare easily distinguished, but they are never found in the "free" form (root + ending). They are present in words only in combination with affixes (prefixes and suffixes) or other roots: "-de-" - "dress - wear - change"; "-ya-" - "take-take-take-off-adopt"; "-pt-" - "bird - bird - bird"; "-sag-" - "the oath - to encroach", "-y-" - "to shoe - to shave"; "-ul-" - "street - alley - alley - lane"; "-y-" - "go-enter-go-go-go".
4
In Russian there is one word, even with a zero root - "get it out." When selecting single root words, it alternates with the morpheme "-nym-" - "take out - take out."
5
Keep in mind that with the formation of new words andforms in the roots are possible alternation of sounds. As a result, variants of one root are formed: "ask - ask - I ask". Here, in the root "-pros-" there are alternating consonants with / w and vowels o / a.
6
In compound words, there are two or more roots: "Water - waterfall - spillway - water divers - water reservoir". Often in such words there are roots in a truncated form: "corpusc - cor (respondent) item".
Tip 4: What is the root of the word
In any language it is impossible to imagine a word,not having a root. There are also words consisting only of the root: boron, house, stake. Other morphemes carry an auxiliary, complementary function, and only at the root is the value enclosed.
The root in linguistics is part of the word ormorpheme, which contains the meaning of the word, its conceptual kernel. Other morphemes (suffixes, prefixes, endings) do not have independent meaning. They only add additional shades to the main value. He who knows Russian perfectly understands that the "tail" is not the same as the "tail", but in that, and in another case it is a question of the same part of the animal's body, because The root of these words is general.
