Tip 1: Why close relatives can not marry
Tip 1: Why close relatives can not marry
Marriage between native people has long beenis blamed. Incest, or incest, the problem raised in many scriptures, such as the Bible and the Koran. History knows only a small number of tribes that cultivated the purity of the family and married their relatives, but these tribes have died out, or are on the verge of degeneration.
In addition to the violation of religious, cultural andsocial and ethical norms and rules that oblige people to maintain the purity of kinship, half-blooded unions carry a huge number of medical problems, leading to a complete degeneration of the genus associated with genetic changes.
History of degeneracy
The desire to resist forbidden tieshas been observed in many peoples since antiquity: the Germans, Australians, Indians, Chinese, and even the ancient Greeks resorted to various tricks that contributed to the eradication of sinful unions. There are cases when children were forcibly separated from their parents, guided by the best intentions. In Roman and Catholic law, incest was considered to be ties, the line of kinship of which could be traced to the knee established by the church, it is forbidden to marry one-half brothers and sisters, direct relatives.Incest was also considered the entry into the union of spiritual relatives.In ancient Germany, such acts were punishedcriminal law and included all marriages between relatives of an ascending and descending line. France of the 17th century turned a blind eye to this kind of alliance, punishing only attempts at the honor of minors. In Russia, related marriages were promised by exile to Siberia, imprisonment or imprisonment in a monastery, many states of modern America do not recognize the legality of marriages even of cousins, the laws of the country imposed fines and punishments through imprisonment. In Russia and today it is forbidden to enter into and register marriages between close relatives.
Consequences of incest
It is believed that incest leads to seriousdiseases transmitted by inheritance. Deafness, blindness, various forms of ugliness, genetic abnormalities and mental disorders are the result of marriage of blood relatives. Children with disabilities are often more likely to be born from close relatives who have entered into marital relations.Ancient Egypt, for example, did not prohibit such unions, and the tribes of the Incas resorted to related marriages.Numerous studies have not confirmed the directthe relationship between revealed deviations of children and the kinship of their parents, however, recently discovered and promulgated laws of Mendel's genetics have proved that any genetic changes and latent diseases are more likely to manifest and transmit by inheritance as a result of the marriage of native people. It is believed that a harmful recessive gene can lead to complete degeneration of the offspring of a particular line, making it not viable. It is believed that incest, which is the result of marriages between relatives today, is a disease of the strata of the population belonging to a socially dangerous group, the poor, however, as practice shows, such violations are not infrequently found among representatives of the higher strata of society.
Tip 2: Why marriages between close relatives are prohibited
Marriage between close relatives, called incest or incest, is prohibited in all states and condemned in all cultures as one of the most disgusting acts.
Ancient Greek myth about Oedipus, Karelo-Finnishthe legend of Kullervo - in all these stories incest appears as a grave sin, bringing a curse, and sometimes not only on the sinner himself, but also on those around him. It is noteworthy that for both heroes incest was not conscious - Oedipus did not know that Jocasta was his mother, Kullervo did not know that he had fallen in love with his sister - but this does not save anyone from retribution.
The modern ban on closely related marriages
The prohibition of incest in the modern worldis based on genetics data. Defective genes that carry deafness, blindness, cystic fibrosis and other congenital pathologies, in most cases are recessive. In other words, for such a gene to manifest itself, it must be inherited from both parents. Otherwise, a person is born a carrier of a genetic defect, but not a patient. In a family where there is a defective gene, all people are its carriers. If a man and a woman from such a family marry, the probability of a child with a double defective gene increases dramatically. Undoubtedly, even in ordinary marriage, it happens that there are two carriers of a defective gene, but the probability of such an event is negligible. Thus, the prohibition of closely related marriages helps prevent the inheritance of genetic pathologies.The ancient prohibition of incest
Of course, the ancient people did not know anything about the genesand chromosomes, nevertheless, the ban on marriage with relatives existed. This is not only reminiscent of the already dreadful mythological stories mentioned, but also folk tales, where the hero always goes for the bride "to the far-away kingdom." Initially, it was about the territory where the alien family lives - in its kind the bride can not be elected. This custom was called exogamy. As paradoxical as it may seem, exogamy did not protect from closely related bonds. If two kinds of people who live in relative proximity to each other have regularly exchanged brides for many years, then a representative of another kind may be a male cousin, and a relationship with a girl of her own kind may be very remote (in the modern world such relatives may not know even aristocrats). The ancient exogamy pursued very different goals. It was designed to exclude strife due to women within the clan community. On the other hand, exogamy contributed to the establishment of friendly relations between the clans, overcame the original isolation of the ancestral family - after all, exogamy did not appear immediately. Originally, the ancient clan community was a closed system, with other clans people preferred not to have business. This was the era of endogamy - intra-marriages. The memory of it is also preserved in folklore and epic. For example, the daughters of the biblical hero Lot enter into intimacy with the father - and no heavenly punishment punishes them for this, on the contrary, their sons conceived in such unnatural ways give rise to two tribes. To the degeneration, endogamy did not lead, because a woman of her kind does not always was a native or even a cousin. But in a later era, the tradition of endogamy, having been preserved "on top of power," turned into a marriage between brothers and sisters. So, for example, the Egyptian pharaohs - a kind of "living gods" should not have had any relations with anyone. A remote echo of this custom could be observed in some aristocratic families of later times, where as early as the 19th century, the tradition of marrying cousins was preserved.Tip 3: What is open marriage
If at least a century ago in societymarriage ties were considered something sacred, in the modern world the moral foundations are much simpler. The sexual revolution has done its work. That's why such a phrase as "open marriage" does not surprise anyone.
