Tip 1: How to make night vision goggles
Tip 1: How to make night vision goggles
Professional night vision devices andare not usually stereoscopic. They can not be worn as glasses. Homemade device, and, stereoscopic, can be made from two unnecessary mobile phones.
Instructions
1
Take two identical unnecessary, but workable mobile phones equipped with cameras.
2
Remove old lenses from old glasses. Instead, install two identical loops.
3
From a child metal designer maketwo brackets. Secure them on the glasses so that they are pointed forward. Think of a way to attach phones to them (depending on their design).
4
Put on your glasses. Experiment by choosing the distance on which the screens of the phones are clearly visible. Make notes on the brackets. Remove the glasses and fix the phones at the appropriate distance from the lenses, turning their glasses to the lenses.
5
Check if the phones allow you to enter thecamera without a SIM card. If not, insert cards into them. Remember that they are blocked if you do not use any paid service for half a year.
6
Take the LED flashlight in whichDiodes with a diameter of 5 millimeters are used. Solder it white diodes (those of them that do not fail during the sweep, use later in the homemade lamp). Instead, solder, observing the polarity, infrared. Re-solder all with the lamp off.
7
Find the item in the phone menu that allowscancel automatic backlight off. Then, regardless of whether it was possible to find such an item, make the brightness of the backlight minimal, since it will still have to be used in the dark.
8
Put your glasses on your head. Turn off the light in the room. Light it with the invisible infrared light of the lantern. In both phones, turn on the camera mode. You will see objects illuminated by a flashlight, although their image will be white, not green, as in a factory instrument. If you do not get the permanent backlighting of the phone screens, periodically press on them a key that does not switch the camera modes (it is selected experimentally depending on the phone models).
Tip 2: How to make glasses
If you are in a situation where you urgently needyou need 3d glasses, and you can not buy them in the near future, you can make them yourself. True, the quality of self-made 3d-glasses will be slightly different from the purchased ones, but still they will create a 3d effect. In this article, you will learn how to make simple stereo glasses.
You will need
- The easiest way to make 3D glasses: an ordinary box for music discs + two alcohol-based markers (red and blue).
- two color markers - red and blue (but preferably blue).
Instructions
1
Take a transparent film (for example, the coverfor a notebook or textbook, a file for paper) and cut out two rectangles 9x6 in size. Another option: cut two ovals, connected by a bridge, from the plastic transparent cover from the packaging of the CD, previously softened in hot water. Roughness around edges should be cleaned with sandpaper.
2
Now take 2 markers - red and blue (you canblue). Evenly paint the left square (oval) of the glasses with a red marker, and the right one - in blue. red marker and evenly color them the left oval of your 3D glasses, and the blue marker - right. Instead of markers, you can use stained glass paints to paint on the glass, and better - glue stained glass paint. After staining, allow the paint to dry. If the paint is uneven, apply a second coat and leave it to dry again.
3
As a frame for lenses in the form of ovals witha jumper can attach a pencil - so you get a monocle. Another option is to cut out the frame from a thick cardboard, and then glue the lens to it with glue or scotch tape. Scheme of points you can look at
4
That's all! You can wear glasses and include a 3d movie.
Tip 3: How to make the screen backlight
There are many devices equippedLCD screens without backlight. Use them in the shade is uncomfortable, but in the dark and completely impossible. You can correct this defect by adding backlighting yourself.
Instructions
1
Turn off the power of the device. Remove the batteries from it (devices without backlight are usually powered from them, not from batteries). With the possible loss of data, you will have to reconcile either in advance, before removing the batteries, to make a backup copy.
2
Be sure to make sure that the batteriesenough capacity to maintain the backlight performance for a long period. If this is not the case, install an additional compartment to place the backlight batteries (including the outside).
3
If the device is usingthe liquid crystal indicator of the collapsible design, pressed to the board through rubber contact rails, evenly turn out all the fixing screws and remove the LCD. Peel off the silvery substrate. Again, collect everything exactly as it was, not forgetting a single detail, including contact combs. During assembly, place a thin Plexiglas plate between the board and the indicator, covered on both sides with a thin layer of white paint that passes light well. This plate after assembly must move freely under the indicator, without exerting any pressure on it. During the assembly, tighten the screws evenly.
4
Then take two SMD LEDs of the desired color. Glue them to the plate from the end on the side to which you have access. Consistently with each of them, turn on such a resistor, so that at the voltage they will be fed, the current through each of them does not exceed 3 mA. The wires must be very flexible. Connect these circuits in parallel and connect them to the power supply in the correct polarity through the device's power switch, or the latter is powered directly by the batteries, through a separate, pre-installed miniature switch. If the backlight is powered by individual batteries, it will need its own source in any case.
5
In a situation where the device is usingindiscriminate indicator, act in a different way. Two SMD LEDs connected in the same way are located outside. Close them with a small opaque screen that does not let light in ahead, and direct the diodes to the indicator so that they illuminate it fairly evenly. In this position, and secure them.
6
Replace the batteries. If necessary, install additional elements for lighting. Re-enter the data: if it's a clock, then the time and date, if the programmable calculator, then programs and variables, and if the electronic notebook - names and phone numbers.
Tip 4: How to make infrared illumination
Infrared illumination allows you to arrange suchillumination of an object that is invisible to a simple eye, but is clearly discernible when using night vision devices, video cameras (including security cameras), digital cameras, telephones with cameras and other similar devices.
Instructions
1
Take the Chinese lantern on the basis of approximatelyfifteen white LEDs. Remove the batteries from it. Then disassemble the device, making sure not to tear off any conductors (in this technique they are very thin).
2
Find a resistor that is connected in series withboard, on which the LEDs are located. Solder it and measure its resistance. Then replace it with another one, which has twice as much resistance as power.
3
Determine where the white LED has a cathode, and whereanode. To do this, preliminary sketching the internal structure of any diode and its location relative to the board, evaporate it. Using a battery from the motherboard, determine where it has the anode, and where the cathode. Draw his socle. Do not short-circuit this battery.
4
Acquire infrared LEDs in the samehousings and in the same quantity. They determine the pin-pin in the same way, using this time a half-discharged battery, and check for glow with a mobile phone with a camera.
5
Now, observing the polarity, replace in the lampall white LEDs on infrared. Tape out the white LEDs carefully so that they are not damaged. In the future, use them in other designs.
6
Install the batteries in the flashlight. Turn it on, illuminate the invisible rays of space, and make sure with the same phone that it is really lit. Remember that although infrared radiation is much safer than ultraviolet radiation, it is impossible to direct such a flashlight directly into the eyes.
7
Why use such a device? If you equip it with a stabilized power supply connected instead of batteries, it will be useful for night lighting of a room where a security video camera is installed. She can "see" in the dark no worse than in the light. Also try to take a picture of an object only with the light of such a flashlight. It will look slightly different than in normal lighting. Finally, when playing paintball in the dark, this lantern combined with the camera phone will serve as an improvised night vision device.
Tip 5: How to make an infrared camera
Infrared camera allows you to shoot in semi-darkness or complete darkness, without disturbing people in the room. The image is bright and distinct, but black and white.
You will need
- - video camera, web camera, digital camera or phone with camera;
- - LED flashlight;
- - batteries;
- - infrared LEDs;
- - soldering iron, neutral flux and solder;
- - nippers and miniature pliers.
Instructions
1
As the actual camera can be used almost any digital camera, videoCamera, web-Camera, mobile phone.All these devices are able to perceive not only visible, but also infrared light, so they will not require any alteration. In the picture or video, subjects illuminated with this light will look white. Unsuitable for infrared photography, only expensive cameras equipped with filters that detain invisible rays.
2
To check Camera on the sensitivity to infrared rays, useremote control. Flashes of its LED, completely invisible to the eye, the camera should perceive as bright white, with a slightly bluish tinge. If they turn out reddish, such a device is also suitable for shooting, but the sensitivity will be worse. Finally, if flashes are not perceived at all, look for another, cheaper device.
3
But one sensitivity to infrared raysfor shooting in the dark is not enough. The source of such rays is also required. If you have in your hands an old analog Hi-8 Handycam video camera, such a source already exists in it. It is next to the halogen lamp used for visible illumination. Accordingly, the button for switching it on is located next to the button for turning on the visible spotlight. Press it once, and the backlight will turn on, then again, and it will turn off. For some cameras, it is turned on and off without a separate button, but through the menu.
4
If the built-in IR-illuminator is not in the chamber,it will have to be manufactured. As a basis, take a Chinese LED flashlight - one in which instead of a single powerful diode installed a lot of low-power, a diameter of a millimeter. Pull the batteries out of the lantern and disassemble it. Solder all white diodes, and then install, in accordance with the polarity, infrared of the same diameter. Assemble the flashlight and install the batteries in place, also observing the polarity.
5
To check the resulting infrared illuminator, do not point it directly at the Camera - it may be damaged. Light them an object, and Camera point at it. Try to turn off the light - if shooting, in spite of this, continues, now you have a real infrared camera.
Tip 6: What is the principle of the night vision device (NVN)
The desire to see in the dark long remainedan unrealizable dream of mankind. And only by the middle of the 20th century the development of photoelectronics and other scientific branches made it possible to create night vision devices, so in demand today.
Principles of action of the NNV
The device works according to two principles - internal,external photoeffect. The last phenomenon is based on the emission of electrons by any solid body. The effect was the basis for the action of the electron-optical converter (or image intensifier), which is included in any night vision device. In fact, the converter is a device that enhances the visible range of the waves thousands of times. In addition, the EOP is capable of converting infrared, ultraviolet, X-ray radiation into an eye. The internal photoelectric effect uses the ability of semiconductors to change the electrical conductivity under the action of light quanta. This phenomenon is used for the operation of photodetectors. The latter are "busy" with the fact that they convert signals that emit objects; with the help of electronic processing, the thermal image accessible to the eye is obtained. The general principle of the NVV operation is as follows. First, a weakly illuminated image through the lens hits the photocathode, which emits the resulting electrons into a vacuum. The flow of electrons carrying the image is accelerated by means of an image intensifier and hits the cathodoluminescent screen. Due to the fact that photons are converted into electrons, it becomes possible to amplify them, i.e. increase the brightness of the image. As a result, the flow of electrons is focused, amplified and "fed" to the luminescent screen, where the human eye can already discern it.Types of PNV designs
Each type of instrument is optimized forspecific task. From the NVN, sights, glasses, surveillance devices and devices capable of documenting the image are allocated. The majority of PNVs have single-chamber EOPs with a glass vacuum housing, capable of increasing the brightness a thousand times. There is also a minus: good sharpness is saved only in the center of the image, along the edges it will be blurred. Nevertheless, due to the relatively low price, this type of devices is widely distributed. If fiber optic plates are used in the converter, then such an instrument is capable of increasing the brightness already in 30 or even 50 thousand times, while the image will be clear throughout the picture. Also, manufacturers offer devices capable of documenting the observed objects. In this case, the place of the eyepiece is occupied by a video or camera, in which the image is digitized.Tip 7: How to make a night vision device
Going to hunting, fishing at night or guardian of some kind of object, you will need to have with you appliance night visions. With it, you can always keep the situation under control and find the objects you need in the dark.
You will need
- 2 plates of glass, zinc sulphide, copper,tin chloride, silver, a mixture of sulfur and potassium dichromate, a porcelain dish, SnCl2, an electric furnace, a metal plate, a tester, a photopolymer, a tweezers, a varnish, rubber gloves, a concentrated alkali solution, a glass rod, ZnS crystals, wires, a lens from the camera, a biconvex lens
Instructions
1
Dip the glass in a mixture of sulfur and potassium dichromate. Hold them for 4 hours and dry.
2
SnCl2 put in a bowl and put in the oven. At a distance of 10 cm above it, fix the glass.
3
Cover the cup with a metal plate and turn on the oven. After waiting for warming up to 400 degrees, remove the plate.
4
Wait for the conductive surface to form and leave the glass in the oven until it cools. Check the coating using a pre-prepared tester.
5
Apply lacquer to one of the plates (on the side without conductive coating). Then apply the photopolymer. Use tweezers to do this while holding the plate vertically.
6
Wearing gloves, pour the alkali solution into the vessel with the plates and mix, using a tube of glass.
7
After 10 minutes, remove the plate and rinse it under running water, thoroughly dry.
8
Put a silver in the cup and repeat the previous steps, only increasing the degrees to 900. Coating, apply to the plate where there is a photoconductor.
9
You have a mirror film. Next, prepare the phosphor using ZnS. Must be a colorless powder.
10
Mix the varnish and crystals.Pour this mixture onto a platinum with a silver coating to completely spread over the surface. Top the plate with a conductive coating and press it for the best binding.
11
After applying a conductive coating, fasten the wiring to the edges of the plates.
12
Seal and assemble appliance night visionsusing a lens, a lens from the camera and an existing circuit.
Tip 8: How to make a night vision device at home
To see in the dark as the day is the childhood dream of every boy. You see, but no one sees you! It is possible, if there is appliance night visions. But after all, it is possible to make PNV with your own hands, at home! For this it is only necessary to recall school chemistry lessons.
You will need
- - muffle or electric furnace;
- - short-focus lens;
- - biconvex lens;
- - substances and chemicals from the school chemical laboratory.
Instructions
1
Two glass plates immerse in a mixture ofSulfuric acid (H2SO4) and potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7). After 4 hours, dry. Stannous chloride (SnCl2) is placed in a porcelain cup and placed in a muffle oven. In the absence of a muffle, you can use an electric oven. At a distance of 8-10 cm above the cup, fasten the glass. Cover the cup with a metal plate. When the temperature in the furnace rises to 400-480 degrees, remove the metal plate. A very thin conductive coating is soon formed on the glass.
2
Then one of the plates must be appliedIt is prepared by fusing equal amounts of a 3% solution of thio-carbomide Na4C (S) NH2 and lead acetate (6% solution). Apply a varnish to the side of the plate that is free from the current-conducting coating, then vertically, using tweezers, lower it into the resulting solution. Now, always in rubber gloves, pour a concentrated alkali solution into the vessel with the plate and carefully stir the glass rod without touching the plate. approximately 10 minutes the plate is removed and thoroughly washed in distilled water. Dry again. Put a clean porcelain cup back in the oven, now with silver, and place the processed plate above it. Repeat the process, only now raise the temperature to 900 deg. Get a mirror film on the plate.
3
For the production of a phosphor on a second platePrepare the oven again. This time, in a porcelain cup, put the crystals of copper and ZnS crystals in the proportion: ZnS - 100%, Cu (copper) - 10%. In the furnace, the process of copper vapor circulation will take place and pass them between the crystals. Do not grind the resulting crystals in any way. The result is a colorless powder.
4
Now mix the tsaponlak with the crystals.Pour the resulting mixture onto a plate with a layer of silver. When the mixture is completely spread and a flat surface is formed, apply the second plate on the varnish and squeeze it lightly. (Do not forget to solder the wires around the edges of the plates after applying the conductive coating.) Seal the resulting night vision device.
5
Assemble the high voltage generator circuit.
6
Assemble the device itself.The lens to it can serve as a lens from any short-focus camera, as an eyepiece you can use any biconvex lens. After the final assembly, check all connections once again and turn it on. On your PNV, the transformer will quietly squeak - it works. The image may not appear immediately. Change the oscillator frequency, voltage level. Set the maximum sensitivity. And - use.
Tip 9: How to choose sunglasses
Sunglasses are an accessory thatmust necessarily be present in the summer wardrobe of a person of any age. This detail of the image will not only emphasize the owner's personality, but also provide the eyes with optimal protection from ultraviolet radiation. To choose glasses, you need to take into account a number of details.
