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Instructions

1

If it is a matter of large orpart of the decor, and there is no way to remove them from the wall or put in a container, just grate the surface of the object with half a lemon, brush and then rinse with water. To give glittering products, mix them with a mixture of flour and vinegar, and then polish with a soft cloth.

2

If you have a cup of copper in the house, carefullywatch out for her condition: the green and gray copper becomes toxic, it is not recommended for cooking, it can cause significant harm to health. If this has already happened, it is better to just leave them as decor items. The easiest way to clean copper is to simply place it in very hot water with detergent, rub a little and rinse with clean water.

3

Very old and heavily soiled copperProducts can be put into a solution of vinegar with the addition of a small amount of salt and bring to a boil. When the product has cooled, it should be rinsed in warm water and wiped dry with a soft cloth.

4

If you are going to clean coins or objectsantiques, having, perhaps, considerable value, it is worthwhile to listen to professionals. First of all, look at the nature of the spots. The brightly colored coating can be removed by placing the object in a 10% citric acid solution, it dissolves the coating and does not harm the product. The yellowish color is formed due to contact with lead, but it easily removes the usual 9% vinegar. reddish color is removed by dropping the object into a five per cent solution of ammonia or less aggressive ammonium carbonate. For the traditions of more commodity and presentable types, professionals are advised to apply an artificial pat inu. To a liter of distilled water, add fifty grams of copper vitriol (it is sold in a store for gardeners) and five grams of potassium permanganate. Heat the solution but just about bringing it to a boil, place the object there and sometimes turn it over. After achieving the desired color, stop the process and dry. The effect can be preserved with a protective coating of a mixture of alcohol and benzene in equal proportions. Hopefully, these tips will help you achieve the pristine beauty of copper products.

Instructions

1

To clean the bronze, use a dough-like mass from ground chicory with water. Rub bronze products this mass with a brush, then rinse it with water and dry it.

2

Seated by flies or dusty products from the bronze, develop into parts, put in a containerwith dissolved yellow peas, pour water and put on fire. Bronze boil in peas for several hours, then rinse the thing with a soft brush to remove pea particles and spread out to dry. After products dry them, dry them with a dry rag with chalk.

3

Gold-plated bronze products (for example, candlesticks), clean from burnedstearin. Make a mixture of 30 parts water, 8 parts nitric acid and 1 part aluminum sulphate. Watch for proportions! Very carefully, apply a brush to the product. Dry things cleaned this way only by a hot stove or in the sun.

4

Rust clean bronze products in the following way. Cook the yellow peas (it should be grinded to the state of a thick dough), which turned out to be a warm mass, cover the thing. After a few hours, when the pea dough dries, wash the bronze with boiling water with a brush. Wipe dry with a soft cloth.

5

Tarnished aluminum or brass surfaces can be easily updated. Just wipe them with an ordinary eraser.

6

To remove greens and black from the surface of brass or copper products, wipe it with a swab, previously moistened in ammonia. Then wash the metal in a warm soapy solution.

7

There is another ancient method of cleaning copper,brass and bronze: dissolve one tablespoon of salt in one glass of milk whey. With this mixture soak a flannel or cloth cloth and use it for cleaning products.

You will need

• - acetic acid;
• - baking soda;
• - Red brick;
• - dentifrice;
• - paste GOI;
• - lemon acid.

Instructions

1

A thin dark film covering over time copper samovars, is a product of copper oxidation. Get rid of it is not easy, but it is quite possible. Pour boiling water into the samovar or, if the samovar is operating, heat the water in it. Prepare a solution of acetic acid (5-10%) and clean it with a hot samovar. This method is the safest for the samovar, since it does not damage it, it does not scratch.

2

Use baking soda. Wet a soft cloth rag in warm water, apply a small amount of soda to it. Wipe the darkened surface of the samovar slowly, with light movements. Do not put pressure on a rag, do not put much effort, otherwise you will damage the samovar, leaving on it the stains and small scratches.

3

Follow the example of ancestors - for cleaning the samovaruse finely pounded brick. The smaller, the better. Note that this method is the most traumatic for an old copper water heating device. The same principle can be applied to ordinary sand.

4

To clean the samovar will help and tooth powder. Use it according to the example of drinking soda - apply a little powder on a soft cloth and lightly rub the surface.

5

Use special tools for cleaning copper - Goi paste based on chromium oxide, which is designed for grinding and polishing metals and other things.

6

If cleaning is required for internalsurface of the samovar, then apply the following method: boil the samovar with water, adding citric acid to it (for simple dirt 5 g per 10 liters, for a strong scale - 40 grams for the same volume of liquid). After this procedure, do not forget to rinse the samovar to avoid poisoning.

7

The last method of cleaning for the most lazy orfor those who cherish an ancient samovar. Just take it to specialists who have different chemicals to work with rare things. They certainly will not damage the surface of the samovar and will return it to you updated.

You will need

• - flax seeds;
• - water;
• - beets;
• - Watermelon;
• - black bread;
• - vegetable oil;
• - fir oil.

Instructions

1

Clean the body in a strictsequences: intestines, liver, gall bladder, vessels, kidneys. It is in this case that you will not have any health problems in this period. The procedure for cleaning the body from the beginning to the end, without making breaks. If you experience fainting, swelling, vomiting, bleeding, pain, stop the procedure immediately and consult a doctor immediately.

2

The main ways to clean the intestines are differentwashing and irrigation, in other words - enemas. There is another way. To clean the intestine, prepare the next infusion. Seeds of flax (1 tablespoon) pour a glass of steep boiling water. Leave the infusion for 10-12 hours, covering it with a lid. Drink a ready drink in the morning on an empty stomach. The recommended course is 3 weeks.

3

To clean the liver, you can use the mosta common way - the intake of vegetable oil inside. There is also a softer advice. You can clear the liver using a beetroot decoction. Boil the beetroot together with the skin. Pour the resulting mixture 1 liter of purified water and boil. Divide the finished broth into 4 equal parts. Drink it throughout the day through the same time interval.

4

When cleaning the vessels first of all tryobserve a diet. Give up coffee, alcohol, snacks, fatty broths, meat and sugar. You can drink only natural juices, green tea, purified water. Duration - 5-6 months.

5

The most common method of cleaning the liver infolk medicine - watermelon diet. For 7 days allowed to eat only stale custard black bread and watermelon. On the last day you need to take a warm bath. Probably there will be sand in this period. Strengthen the effect can be, adding daily to the food 2-3 drops of essential fir oil.

You will need

• - table vinegar;
• - salt;
• - a lemon;
• - flour.

Instructions

1

To clean the copper candlesticks, taketable vinegar and pour it on the candlesticks, then sprinkle them with salt, start to rub the ingredients well into copper with a rag or napkin. Rub the candlesticks until the product gets rid of stains and soot. Then rinse objects under clean water and polish well with a soft dry cloth.

2

In a large saucepan pour one glass of whitevinegar and add to it one tablespoon of salt, then fill the pan with water and put on a slow fire. Put the candlestick from the copper in a saucepan and bring to a boil. Continue to boil the object in a mixture of vinegar, water and salt until the stains start to go away, then rinse the candlestick with soap in cold water and dry.

3

Take the lemon and cut it into two halves. Rub a half of the lemon surface of a copper candlestick, the entire plaque should disappear. Rinse the candlestick thoroughly with cold water and dry with a clean cloth.

4

Take a small bowl and squeeze juice from it.one lemon, then add to the lemon juice so much salt to form a fairly thick paste. Take a sponge or a soft cloth and use it to scrape copper candlesticks with the paste obtained. Rub until the plaque completely disappears from the copper surface, then rinse the candlesticks with cold water and dry.

5

Take a small bowl and pour into it onea glass of white vinegar, then add to it one tablespoon of salt, stir the ingredients, gradually adding to them 1-2 tablespoons of flour. Cover the received copper candlesticks with paste and rub it into those places where there is a touch. Leave the paste of vinegar, salt and flour soaked in the surface of copper for 20-40 minutes, then rinse with warm water and polish the candlesticks.

You will need

• - a lemon;
• - flour, salt and vinegar;
• - vinegar and hot water;
• - tooth powder or paste;
• - liquid for cleaning jewelry;
• - cloth;
• - Toothbrush;
• - old newspaper.

Instructions

1

Take a half of lemon, in its flesh stickcoin and let it a little "get wet." After about 15 minutes, remove it and clean it with a brush. Rinse in cold water and dry with a soft cloth.

2

Mix a little flour, a large salt and add a drop of vinegar. Good grind coin the resulting mixture, wait and rinse a little in clean running water. Be sure to wipe the copper dry, otherwise dark spots are formed almost immediately.

3

Dissolve the vinegar in boiling water. The approximate concentration of acetic acid should not exceed 20-25%. Add 2-3 tablespoons of table salt or sea salt and dip the coin into the solution. When the water and vinegar cool down, gently remove the coin and clean with an old toothbrush. Rinse in clean water and wipe with a cloth. Be careful when working with a concentrated vinegar solution, you can poison yourself with fumes.

4

If you have tooth powder, then useit, and if not, then the usual whitening toothpaste will do. Dampen the coin and rub it with paste or powder, brush it with active movements. Rinse and look at the result, if he did not arrange you, repeat all over again.

5

Liquid for cleaning jewelry is also capable ofrestore the original form of copper. Buy a product in a jewelry store or in a workshop, lower the coin for a few minutes and carefully wipe it with a clean cloth. If you are afraid of the integrity of the coin and are afraid to clean it yourself, contact a jewelry workshop. You will be professionally cleaned and polished by the metal, and will also apply a special colorless coating that will protect the copper from blackening.

You will need

• Soft brushes;
• A piece of soft cloth;
• Ammonia solution 5-15%;
• A solution of 5-10th ammonium carbonate;
• Water;
• Soap.

Instructions

1

How to clean vintage Coins from the ground, sand and dirt. The most common types of pollution of coins are ordinary dirt, traces of earth and sand. How to clean vintage Coins from these phenomena is quite understandable, you need to use a soap solution, a soft brush or cloth. Lower Coins one in a solution, let me lie down for a whileto soften the layer of dirt and after, if the dirt is not completely removed, very gently clean the dirt with a soft brush. In this way, you can clean all kinds of gold, silver and copper coins.

2

How to clean vintage Coins from traces of oxidation. The oxidation of metals on coins is removed in several ways, the choice of which depends on the state Coins and the metal from which it is made. Oxides are cleaned, as a rule, by chemical methods available at home to each numismatist, but the ultrasonic method is often applicable only in the workshops of restorers, since it requires special equipment.

3

How to clean vintage Coins of silver? Silver Coins are cleaned only chemically with the use of various solutions and preparations, depending on the type of oxidation and state Coins. To select a method for how to clean the vintage Coins of silver in the most appropriate way, it is necessarylook carefully at the appearance and color of the oxides. If the silver coin is covered with a greenish coating, then it is susceptible to oxidation from copper compounds and a 5% solution of sulfuric acid is required for cleaning. The coin needs to be put in a porcelain cup, pour the solution and lightly heat it over low heat. This will speed up the cleaning process, because, the higher the temperature of the solution, the faster oxidation traces will disappear. Also 5-10% formic acid is effective, the processing method of which is similar to the previous one.

4

How to clean vintage Coins from a raid of horny silverRoad silver is a violet-gray coating on silver coins, and, as a rule, such Coins do not have a strong metal base anddiffer in the softness of the metal, so cleaning them with sulfuric or other acid can lead to a loss of the coin pattern or even its complete destruction. In this case, the question of how to clean ancient Coins becomes very delicate and difficult to achieve. If the plaque of silver horn is not very thick, then you can put such a coin in a solution of 5% ammonia or ammonium chloride and closely monitor the cleaning process. Horn silver should become softer and easily removed mechanically by brushing.

5

How to clean vintage Coins of copper Coins, under the influence of air and contained in itcomplex compounds of vapors, gases and water, are covered with black or green coating. In water such oxidations do not dissolve, therefore it is necessary to resort to the chemical method of purification. For this, the coin is wiped with a cotton swab impregnated with ammonia, which delicately cleans the plaque and does not injure the pattern Coins. Another effective way of cleaning coppercoins is an ancient recipe, called "vinegar dough". This will require table vinegar and flour, mixed in proportions, allowing the formation of a thick dough-like substrate in which the copper coin is placed. After the "test" has dried and hardened, it must be cleaned with Coins with a soft brush or cloth.

6

How to clean vintage Coins of gold Coins of gold are not so susceptible to harmful and destructive oxidation, so decide how to clean the ancient Coins of gold is quite simple. They must be thoroughly rinsed in a warm soap solution with a soft brush or cloth, as a result of this simple treatment, the traces of contamination should disappear. Also, a 5-15% ammonia solution can be used that perfectly dissolves the red-cherry plaque on the gold. Fill them with Coins so that they are completely immersed in the solution, and then clean them with a soft brush.

You will need

• - laundry soap;
• - lemon acid;
• - acetic acid;
• - water;
• - a brush;
• - terry towel.

Instructions

1

Before cleaning coin, carefully examine it. If it is covered with a uniform film with a brownish tinge (patina), perhaps it should not be cleaned at all. Since this noble film not only gives the coin a special "retro" effect, it also protects the metal against accidental scratches and damages. Very often, after removing the patina on the coin, microscopic grooves are formed, which spoil its appearance and significantly reduce the cost.

2

Another approach requires coins with a dark coating andlayers of oxide of characteristic greenish color. If the contamination is slight, you can remove it with a warm soapy solution. Rub a piece of laundry soap into a deep plastic bowl and fill it with hot water. Thoroughly mix the solution and let it brew. Put the coins in a bowl and hold for a few minutes. After this, gently clean the plaque with a soft brush. Rinse the coins with running water and dry them with a towel.

3

Citric acid is one of the most effective andsafe substances capable of removing a dark coating on copper. To prepare the solution, mix one packet of citric acid and 100 ml of warm water. In the prepared mixture, lower the coins and hold them there for 10-15 minutes. During this time, the acid reacts with the main layer of plaque, without damaging the metal. If the reaction is not strong enough, you can add a few teaspoons of acid directly into the solution. Then treat the coins with a soft-nosed brush under running water and dry them thoroughly.

4

A more radical method of cleaning is soakingcopper coins in a solution of acetic acid. For its preparation, 70% acetic acid can be used, which must be diluted to a vinegar concentration of no more than 20-25%. Either soak copper coins in a 9% table vinegar solution. It is necessary to sustain coins in it, proceeding from the degree of contamination - the more plaque, the longer it will take to remove it.

You will need

• - paper of different grades;
• - tea / coffee / cocoa / milk / broth of onion husk;
• - Brush, cotton swab, toothbrush;
• - iron;
• - a candle or a lighter;
• - a hard eraser, thin sandpaper.

Instructions

1

There are several ways to give the paper an oldview. For example, using strong tea or infusion of other herbs and plants. Brew strong tea and pour it into a container such as a tray or tray. Leave the paper in the tea (you can with tea leaves) and hold it a little there so that the fibers of the paper are impregnated with the dye solution. Then remove the sheet and dry it. To accelerate the drying process, you can use an iron, a radiator or a hair dryer.

2

If you need an unevenly colored, likeplaces darkened paper, then with the help of a brush you can repeatedly apply the tea infusion on its surface, covering with arbitrary spots. Ragged edges can be obtained by tearing the paper straight in the container with tea.

3

The second way is staining with instant coffee. In a capacious container, pour a few teaspoons of coffee with boiling water. Place the paper in coffee and hold for 10-15 minutes. Then remove the paper and dry it in a natural way or with an iron. Evaluate the result, and if it does not satisfy you, repeat the staining again, adding more coffee to the dye solution. You can immerse coffee crumpled paper - it all depends on what kind of effect you want to achieve. In the same way, paper in the cooked cocoa is toned. Only the shade turns out a bit different.

4

Toning decoction onion peel. To do this, soak onion husks in water at room temperature for three hours. The husk must fill a capacity of ¾ volume. Then bring the water with the husk to a boil. Reduce heat and cook for about an hour. In a cooked cold broth, put paper and wait for it to become saturated with liquid. If you need a smooth tone, then put the paper in a strained broth. After painting, dry the aged sheet. Experiment, because the result can not be accurately predicted. Achieve the desired effect by experience.

5

A good result is wetting the surfacepaper milk. Use a cotton swab to apply the milk to the leaf. Slightly dry, and then hold the paper over the hot plate until it starts to darken. So you can get an "old" unevenly darkened paper.

6

Additional effects of antiquity and "damage"time and circumstances are achieved with the use of a candle flame or a lighter. Carefully scorch the edges of the "rarity" with fire or hold the entire sheet over the flame to smoky it in some places. Do not forget about precautionary measures.

7

Intriguingly will look on aged papertraces of a cup of tea, coffee or a glass of wine. Put a cup on the sheet with a damp bottom from the tea or coffee to print a trace. It is possible to simulate accidentally spilled drops or "puddles" from drinks.

8

An additional effect can be spraying on the paper with a toothbrush of all used dyeing solutions or paint of a suitable shade.

9

Simulate can also be worn, creases andother defects of antique papers. Rub the surface with an eraser or a thin emery cloth, bend it in half and make the bent corners. Put under pressure for a while. In general, imitate everything that could survive the paper, the book, the letter, the photograph for its long years of existence.