Tip 1: What are Civil Liberties?

Jurisprudence

Tip 1: What are Civil Liberties?

Democratic society guarantees itscitizens to observe their political, economic and personal rights, which in jurisprudence are called civil liberties. Usually the rights and freedoms of citizens are fixed in the main law of the country - the constitution, but not always and not everywhere are fully observed.

The essence of civil liberties

The totality of civil liberties forms insociety certain status of the individual, protected by law. This legal category is most often referred to as the right to personal integrity and freedom, protection of good name and honor, freedom of conscience and speech. This includes the right to unconditional inviolability of the home and the secret of correspondence. In a broader sense, civil liberties include the right to work, various types of social security, the right to a fair trial and judicial protection. The freedoms of citizens who are declared in the country's constitution must guarantee to every person protection against unlawful interference of the authorities and law enforcement bodies in personal a life. The introduction of civil liberties is aimed at limiting the actions of the state, which often run counter to the rights of citizens. On guard of civil liberties are the judiciary and the head of state, which is the guarantor of the implementation of the provisions of the basic law of the country.

Civil liberties in the Russian Federation

The Russian state recognizes that civilfreedom correspond to the norms of international law accepted in the world. Freedom of the citizen acts directly. They completely determine the content and meaning of the laws of the country and are provided with justice. All citizens of the country are equally equal before the court and law. The state takes care of the protection of the individual, her life, honor and dignity. Personal inviolability and the right to liberty are protected by law. The same applies to the inviolability of private life and the preservation of personal secrets. Collect and use information about the private life of citizens can only with their consent. The state guarantees its subjects the inviolability of their home. To penetrate into the dwelling against the will and desire of the people residing there is possible only in cases directly stipulated by law, or in the presence of a decision of the judicial bodies. One of the civil liberties consists in the person's ability to independently determine to what nationality he belongs. No one has the right to compel a citizen to determine his nationality or indicate it. Constitution provides people with the right to create professional and other associations to protect their interests. Citizens have the right to participate in peaceful demonstrations, rallies, hold meetings, pickets and processions. Civil liberties also extend to issues related to religion. It's about freedom of conscience and religion. Citizens can profess any religion or adhere to atheistic views. The law does not prohibit a person to freely choose and disseminate their religious or other beliefs, unless this violates the rights and freedoms of other citizens.

Council 2: What is a civil act

Act is an action. The civil act implies actions of citizens towards each other, public and state institutions on the basis of international and state law. These are also events that affect the appearance, change or termination of the rights and duties of a citizen. For example, the coming of age, the entry into citizenship, the acquisition of legal capacity or disability, a change in marital status, etc.

The most important of actions and events in human lifeare subject to mandatory state registration. These events and actions are called acts of civil status. Registration functions are performed by special civil registration bodies (registrar offices). The main ones are: birth registration and naming, registration of marriage and registration of the death of a citizen. On the state registration of an act in special acts, a corresponding entry is made and a certificate of a strictly established sample is issued on its basis. Approval of uniform samples of documents, procedure and conditions for registration of acts is carried out under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation. In the future, if there are disputable situations between the parties that require changes or corrections in the record of the civil status act, these procedures are possible only on the basis of a court decision. With the registration of the civil status act, the citizen is given appropriate rights and duties. It is important to emphasize that the new status of a citizen is changed and determined not by entering into certain civil relations, a new status appears only after official state registration. As an example, due to changes in laws in the direction of greater individual freedom, it is possible to consider "civil" marriages. Resolved to live together, a man and a woman will not have the rights and responsibilities to the state and to each other, until they legitimize their relationship in the registry office. In particular, "civil spouses" are not legally inheritors of each other's property, unless it is stipulated by special notarized documents. Also, the biological death of a person is not the basis for the emergence of the right to inherit his property by relatives. This right comes only from the date of registration of the death of a citizen in the registry office and the extract of the "Certificate of Death" of the established model.

Tip 3: How to protect your civil rights

Personal (civil) rights the rights of the individual as a member of civil society, and their protection is guaranteed by the state. There are civil rights in a narrow and broad sense. In a narrow sense, civil rights represent all the tangible and intangible benefits that can and should be protected. In the broad - the totality of all the rights and freedoms of the individual.

Instructions

If an action has been taken against you,which resulted in violation of the inviolability of your private property, then, depending on the amount of damage caused to you, you can send the statement of claim to the world court or apply first to the Internal Affairs Directorate.

Before you send an application to the court, collectall documents proving the fact of violation of your civil rights. According to Article # 31 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, you have the right to claim your property from the person who illegally appropriated it, if it will be proved that it belonged to you. Therefore, the main evidence in this case will be a certificate of ownership. In addition, evidence can be a receipt certified by a notary, copies of contracts for which some obligations to you have been violated, and testimony of witnesses.

If an unlawful act was committed,which has entailed a threat to your life, health, honor, dignity, private life, business reputation, etc., then, in accordance with the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, you have the right to protect these intangible benefits in the same way, judicially.

Collect all documents (testimonies of witnesses,audio and video materials) and apply with the statement of claim to the court. Here you may need to consult a good lawyer, since such cases are dealt with in court especially carefully. The defendant, well prepared for the hearing of the case, may leave you with nothing or file a counterclaim with accusations of libel.

Determine which requirements you willto present: is it enough for you to make simple apologies (refutations, if an insult or encroachment on intangible goods was committed publicly), or you still decide to claim compensation for moral damage.

Thus, the choice of the way to protect civil rights is determined, basically, by what exactly rights were violated. Compensation for damages, collection of penalties are used as a protection of civil rights of a material nature. Suppression of actions that create a threat to the exercise or violation of the rights of a citizen - to protect intangible interests.

Council 4: What is a social state

With the development of civilized society and law, the formation of a social state becomes possible. It is characterized by a number of features that distinguish it from other social systems.

The notion of a social state

The social state is thedeveloped civil society that relies on the principles of equality and freedom, over-classness, social justice and ensures social human rights. The legal state and the social state form a single whole, since the development of the legal system is possible only within a civilized society, and the ordering and development of social relations occurs under the influence of legal system. The main task of the social state is to ensure both public and economic rights, including: the right to work and fair working conditions for all citizens, decent living wage, social security, etc.

Signs of the social state

The social state is supra-class, thatmeans its focus on the organization of normal life and development of society as a whole, the protection of human rights, the observance of the freedoms and legitimate interests of all citizens and peoples. Such a state system avoids social tension. Also for the social state is characterized by the presence of a developed civil society that creates material wealth and other values. It is such a society that forms the basis for the existence and development of a civilized state with a democratic regime of power. In a country with a developed society there are no unjustified social differences, the state apparatus provides decent conditions for the existence of citizens, provides the population with social protection, produces and distributes economic benefits equally for all citizens. In the state there is free economic activity, but at the same time regulated by law in the interests of the whole society. In the social state, the so-called "middle class" arises and develops, which is a part of society provided to the extent that it does not feel the need for what is necessary, but also not rich enough to afford excess. This factor is in no way negative, since the existence of the "middle class" is a guarantee of high production and economic stability in the country, a sufficient level of earnings per capita, low unemployment and compliance with legal norms.