So the human society is arranged, that everyonemust comply with certain laws and perform duties. However, many prefer not to remember this, especially when they occupy certain positions. That is why in civil society it is necessary not only to respect the rights of others, but also to remember one's own, demanding their strict implementation.
Instructions
1
As soon as you have problems communicating withofficials, immediately look for information that relates specifically to your question. It is best to start by looking for laws that regulate such things. If the issue is related to housing, the Housing Code will help, taxes - Tax, land - Land, etc.
2
Be sure to study the main law of the country -The Constitution, as well as the Civil Code, which regulates most of the relations in the state, from the protection of rights in court and ending with loans. More detailed information in each specific situation can be obtained by studying various branches of law, such as criminal, administrative, labor, environmental, family, etc.
3
Equally important will be acquaintance with theduties of civil servants when dealing with citizens. This information will immediately allow us to understand how officials should behave, what rights and duties they have in dealing with citizens. The civil servant can act only according to the job description, which clearly specifies how he is obliged to work with people.
4
Do not confuse the rights of officials and citizens. When a civil servant is at work and performs his duties, he is only an official and can not use in communicating with you a mention that he also has the ability not to perform anything like you or that he is paid little. Becoming a civil servant, he voluntarily assumed certain restrictions necessary for the conscientious fulfillment of his duties. Therefore, increasing the voice, extortion or insults towards citizens during the performance of their professional duties, falls not only under the administrative code, but also under criminal law (article on abuse of office). As a state servant gives more powers and opportunities to carry out his activities for the benefit of citizens, he is more responsible for his actions than an ordinary person.
5
In non-working hours, the official is ordinarycitizen, which means that he does not have the right to enjoy any privileges, as a civil servant. The most typical example is the work of a policeman. Resisting the policeman when he is on duty falls under certain rules of the law, but during non-working hours, you have the right to defend yourself, because you do not have information about who he is and why he could attack you.
6
Once you understand that the official violates yourrights, the main of which are the human and citizen rights specified in the Constitution of the country, immediately write a complaint about his actions. You can send it to the name of a higher-ranking official by sending a letter with the receipt of delivery, to pass it through the secretary, by making a second copy, at which the secretary must deliver a stamp with the date of receipt of these documents. Today you can take advantage of the opportunities of online appeals, the forms of which can be found on many state websites.
7
Do not be lazy to write complaints. This is the only way to make officials perform their duties in accordance with the law. It is not at all necessary to apply only to local authorities, it is much more effective to apply immediately to the president, the government or deputies. If necessary, resend the complaint. Believe me, the statement sent to the higher authorities, especially repeatedly, becomes an alarm for the local official, and very often your problem is solved without bribes and unnecessary standing in lines.
Tip 2: How to deal with the transport collapse in Moscow
Congestion of Moscow streets by cars isone of the most important problems of the capital. Combating the transport collapse is carried out through the implementation of planned measures for the reorganization of the movement, construction and reconstruction of roads, improving the work of public transport.
One of the reasons for the problemcongestion of streets - these are mistakes made during the construction of Moscow. The capital was built up too tightly, while the area of roads and their number were too small. Most of the jobs and shopping centers are located in the city center. All this can not be rectified, as Moscow Mayor Viktor Sobyanin said. The fight against transport collapse he made one of the main lines of activity. At the end of 2010, the Moscow government developed a plan for the development of a transport hub "A City Comfortable for Life". One of the directions for implementing this plan is the creation in Moscow of an Intelligent Transport System (ITS), over which specialists of the Russian concern Sitronics work. The ITS includes traffic monitoring cameras, a traffic placard with information about traffic jams, traffic sensors, traffic light sensors . The GLONASS satellite navigation system is installed in public transport. Situations on the roads will be recorded in the Center for Traffic Management, and from 2014 on the site of the center will be up-to-date information for drivers about traffic jams in Moscow. One of the measures to combat congestion in the streets is the agreement of the city authorities with the owners of shopping centers to bring goods freight transport to Moscow only at night. The mayor of Moscow ordered to start work at different times to government officials of different levels: officials of city institutions started work from 8 am, and officials of federal institutions from 10 am. To fight traffic jams in Moscow, Dmitry Medvedev joined, in June 2011, the president proposed to expand the borders of Moscow and transfer state institutions outside the Moscow Ring Road to relieve the central part of the city. Moscow continues construction and reconstruction of city roads, as a result of which their throughput should increase by 30-35%. It is planned to build transport and transfer hubs at the final metro stations and new interchanges at the Moscow Ring Road. Workers of the Ministry of Transport made proposals for the construction of multi-level highways - overpasses, for intracity transportation on which the first tier will be used, and the second for travel outside the city. The implementation of these and other measures will solve the problem with congestion on the roads of Moscow.
Tip 3: Why is Kiev predicted a transport collapse
Number of cars in major citiesis growing rapidly. Some megacities successfully cope with traffic jams, introducing new rules for drivers. If Kiev does not follow suit, then in the next few years, it will face a road collapse.
Huge congestion returned to the capital of Ukrainetogether with the end of summer holidays. In the rush hour traffic in the city center is extremely difficult, and often a string of slowly creeping machines stops altogether. Experts believe that with time the situation on the roads will only worsen, and the whole city will turn into a huge traffic jam. European countries have long begun to fight a similar problem. Authorities popularize public transportation among the population. Many prefer to ride bicycles - in the West for this all conditions are created - bicycle paths and convenient parking. Several ring roads are being built. In the largest capitals, in particular - in London, the entrance to the city center is paid. Kiev has yet to develop its own measures to combat the approaching transport collapse. Independent experts suggest, first of all, to build several light-free ring roads, and also to relieve the center-to transfer the maximum of the institutions to other parts of the city. It is also necessary to develop a more convenient network of urban routes so that people can easily get home on public transport. The authorities are also considering the idea of building parking at the entrances to the city for "intercepting" cars of drivers living outside the city and arriving daily for work in Kiev. It is assumed that people will leave cars in the parking lot and get to their offices by public transport, and in the evening after work again change into a personal car. In the meantime, work on this direction in Kiev has not been carried out - it is approved only by officials on paper. At the moment in the capital of Ukraine there is not a single full ring road, and the construction of parking lots has not been started. So far, Kiev has to stand idle daily in traffic jams.
Tip 4: How did the journalists react to the return of the article "Defamation" in the Criminal Code
During his presidency DA. Medvedev removed from the Criminal Code art. 129, which defined the responsibility of citizens for libel. Only half a year the article was administrative. In July 2012, a group of deputies from the party "United Russia" offered to return criminal responsibility for slander. In record time - literally in 10 days - the Duma considered the bill in 3 readings and adopted, defining a maximum penalty of 5 million rubles or 480 hours of public works.
Most of the journalists reacted to thisthe initiative of the EP is strongly negative. They reasonably suggested that the bill became the reaction of the ruling party to numerous exposures of falsifications of the results of the Duma and presidential elections. The Internet project "The Kind Machine of Truth" threatens corrupt officials who occupy high state posts with new revelations. To deprive dissatisfied citizens of the opportunity to fight bureaucratic abuses, the deputy majority decided to return criminal responsibility for slander. There is a sad experience with the application of this article in Russia. For 2 years, from 2009 to 2011, it was convicted about 800 people, mostly journalists and bloggers. Publication of expository materials is perceived by officials as a personal insult. If the offended person occupies a sufficiently high social position and has the opportunity to pressure the court, the decision on the libel suit is likely to be made in his favor. In this case, the reliability of the materials, which the journalist or blogger has presented in support of his words, does not matter. Journalists wrote a petition addressed to the President of the Russian Federation Putin V.V. and suggested that everyone who disagreed with the change of legislation sign it. On the Internet, 2500 signatures were collected. In the petition the authors gave examples of the use of art. 129 to crack down on critics of high-ranking officials and accused the Union of Journalists of Russia that it does not protect the interests of pen workers. While the discussion of the bill was underway, journalists held solitary pickets under the walls of the State Duma. In their hands they held hand-written posters "There is no law on slander", "I am against the law of libel". Representatives of various media showed complete solidarity with the protesting colleagues - these actions were widely covered in the press and on TV.
