LovesTheTeam.com

Property as a feature of human culture

Land, as the residence of a social group, andall that is on it, in fact, are subjects of ownership. Everything that supports people's lives and everything they value turns into property that is everywhere. This means that it is immanently inherent in the person's personality from the moment of birth. Specialists have revealed that young children are desperate proprietors who grow up sharing their property with others mainly because they are taught this. The human society is engaged in production and owns land mainly in order to sell or receive from it income. In this respect, property as a social category is closely intertwined with the economic category, so it can be applied to it - the socio-economic part of life. Of course, production can not be unlimited, as it is limited to natural resources, so sometimes it can not meet the ever growing needs of society. In this respect, property, as an object of production and extraction, can be considered a constant part of the society

Social relations

It is clear that the social relations of propertyhave evolved over many centuries and now appear before everyone in a form that, in the opinion of some, is the most profitable, since it allows you to get the maximum profit from production. Analyzing social relations, economists have drawn an interesting conclusion, which is based on an understanding of the category of property as one and the first, who helped in rethinking life. Of course, it is hardly possible to fully characterize such a comprehension. It should be noted that social property relations can be considered subjective-arbitrary only in relation to economic activity. However, this type of relationship is more evident in the sphere of exchange and distribution, because it is in that case that the goods move from hand to hand. Characterizing property as an important component of social relations, it is important to understand that property is able to function in different manifestations, both outside of production, and in production. In all cases, it manifests itself not only in social quality, but also in economic quality, which can not be completely separated from each other and at the same time identified with each other.

Private property

Ownership is a conditional formappropriation of material wealth. As an economic category, it reflects the relations that develop between people based on appropriation of means of production and income, goods and services received with their help. One of the main forms is private property, the relations of which presuppose the isolation of the owner exercising his rights independently of other people. The owner of such property is known, which implies the existence of a specific responsibility for its use. A distinctive feature of the form in question is the independent realization by the owner of the rights of disposal, possession, appropriation and use. Social carriers of this form are artisans, lawyers, private doctors, etc.

Collective property

The second form of ownership isThe collective, the basis of which is the unification of individual owners. In Russia, this form is represented by several species. The first of these is cooperative property, where each member of the cooperative invests his property and his labor, and also has equal rights in the distribution of income and management of it. The second type is joint-stock ownership, which has signs of public and private. Its basis is the voluntary pooling of funds of many individuals and legal entities. The third kind is the partnership property, which is the result of the unification of the capital of several persons.

Public property

Another form of ownership ispublic relations, the relations of which presuppose the joint exercise by different persons of the rights of the owner. This form is based on joint ownership and disposal. The property rights in this case belong to everyone, that is, there is no specific owner. First of all, this form is represented by state property, under which rights belong to a particular institution of power. It is governed by the state, and management is entrusted to the appointed leaders. The property of public organizations is based on the fact that it can be appropriated and managed by members of associations, while everyone is on equal terms. The public form is the basis for municipal and state enterprises.

When talking about property, there is usuallyor directly the property that belongs to someone, or the very belonging of this property to someone. At the same time, the owner of the property is the subject of property, and what belongs to it is an object of ownership. It is not just any property in the form of material objects (buildings and structures, land, objects of nature), but also intangible goods, energy, information, intelligence, if they belong specifically to the subject. At the same time, property is a relationship of people among themselves about this property (the relationship "mine" is "someone else's"). The appearance of property is associated with the development of society. In economics, property is understood as the totality of subjects and objects of ownership, the relationship between subjects over these objects and the economic implementation of these relations.

Assignment and alienation as a relation to property objects

Relations between owners suggestthe appropriation of property by someone, that is, the relation to the object as to one's own. Assignment is the receipt of something in one's belonging. In the process of production, people appropriate natural resources (substance and energy) and change them in order to satisfy their needs. Purchase of goods is also an appropriation, like stealing. Alienation is the reverse process, when the owner is deprived of the opportunity to use this property for his own purposes. Voluntarily he does it, for example, when selling or donating an item, forcedly - for theft, loss, confiscation ...

Ownership in the economy

Economic science is interested in issues of appropriation(acquisition) of goods through their production, distribution, exchange and consumption, that is, economically, and not military, criminal or otherwise. The object of appropriation in the economy is very important. A person who has received a monopoly on a certain resource or production conditions receives exceptional economic opportunities in comparison with the rest. For example, the owners of information in the financial market, the owners of the newest method of production, etc. The nature of the combination of labor and the means of production is very important. If the workers themselves own the means of production, then the entire product will be their property. They own all the income, because they are the owners of the production process itself. And if the owner of the means of production is another, then the one who does not have them, is forced to become a hired worker. In the economic theory of property rights, the so-called "bundle of powers" is allocated, including the rights of ownership, use, property management, right to income, the right to transfer of power over property), the right to security, the transfer to inheritance, the perpetuity of possession, the right to liability in the form of recovery (for example, to pay in debt), the right to recovery from rights, the right to prohibit harmful use. A person is considered a full owner if he has all of the rights listed.