What tests to take to determine diabetes?
What tests to take to determine diabetes?
Diabetes mellitus is a disease of the endocrineSystem, which is characterized by an increase in glucose in the blood and metabolic disorders. It develops with insulin insufficiency due to the action of endogenous and exogenous factors on the pancreas. It is necessary to diagnose diabetes in the early stages. There are special laboratory tests to determine whether a person has diabetes.
You will need
- - referral of a doctor.
Instructions
1
The analysis for the determination of glucose in the blood - the firstA study to establish the propensity to develop diabetes. Sugar is quantified in venous blood during biochemical examination or in capillary blood from the finger. It is necessary to exclude fatty and fried foods, alcoholic beverages from the ration the day before the test. On the day of blood donation, it is better to refrain from taking juice, coffee, tea. You should not smoke an hour before the test. Blood must be taken in the morning on an empty stomach. It is desirable to exclude physical activity and emotional arousal on the day of blood donation. Immediately before the analysis is a little sit and relax. The rate of glucose in the blood depends on the method of its determination and is specified in the laboratory in which the study was conducted.
2
In the case of high blood glucoseOn an empty stomach, it is necessary to pass urine on the definition of sugar. This must be done no later than a day after receiving the results of the blood test. To study enough, 100-150 ml of urine. A can with urine should be stored in the refrigerator to prevent unreliable analysis results. Normally, sugar in the urine is absent.
3
Carrying out a glucose tolerance test helpsTo differentiate the presence of a violation in humans of resistance to an increase in glucose levels in the body. The essence of this test is that initially blood for the determination of sugar is given in the morning on an empty stomach, then the person is given a load of glucose in a certain amount, after which after a couple of hours, the blood is re-sampled for glucose determination. If in the morning on an empty stomach the sugar level was within the norm, and after carrying out the load the glucose index did not exceed 7.8 mmol / l, then the patient does not have diabetes. If the initial glucose content in the blood was 5.5-6.7 mmol / l, and after the load it increased to 7.8-11.1 mmol / l, then signs of human glucose tolerance impairments are evident. If in the morning on an empty stomach the sugar index in the blood was above 7.0 mmol / l, and after the load became more than 11.2 mmol / l, this confirms the patient's diabetes.
4
There is a blood test for glycosylated(glycated) hemoglobin, which determines the presence or absence of diabetes in the patient. Glycosylated hemoglobin is a blood indicator that determines the average glucose content over the past three months (the time of the existence of red blood cells). The normal amount of glycated hemoglobin in the blood is less than 5.7%. This indicator indicates that the person does not have diabetes mellitus. Increased value indicates the presence of the patient of this disease. Blood for this analysis is taken from a finger. In the special preparation for the donation of blood for research is not necessary.
5
All analyzes are appointed by the attending physician and conducted in specialized laboratories at polyclinics or hospitals.
