What affects the functioning of the thyroid gland
What affects the functioning of the thyroid gland
Thyroid gland, one of the largest glandsendocrine system of man, produces hormones thyroxine, triiodothyronine and calcitonin. The first two affect the metabolic processes, development and growth, the third is responsible for the formation of bone tissue and bone strength.
Along with the pituitary gland, the epiphysis and the adrenal glandsThe thyroid gland refers to the glands of internal secretion. All these glands secrete biologically active substances that regulate the work of organs, hormones.
What does the thyroid hormone
Thyroid hormones affectcellular mitochondria, controlling the processes of oxidation and metabolism, so the work of this body affects the growth and development of man. The sexual maturation and normal functioning of the reproductive system also depends on the thyroid gland.To produce hormones of the thyroid gland, iodine is needed. If this micronutrient is deficient, the gland tissue grows, but the secretion of hormones does not increase.
What happens when thyroid hormones are overproduced?
With excessive production of thyroid hormonesgland in an adult develops a Graves disease. The processes of oxidation in these patients are too intense, so the disease manifests itself by increased work of the heart, increased body temperature. External signs of a disease of the base - leanness, bulging eyes. Mental abilities do not suffer from this, but patients can be distinguished by increased excitability.Treatment of Graves' Disease
Treatment of Graves' Disease is aimed at reducingactivity of the thyroid gland. Of the drugs used radioactive iodine, disabling part of the cells of the thyroid gland, or resort to the rapid removal of a part of the endocrine organ. After that, the production of hormones decreases, and the manifestations of the disease recede.Lack of thyroid hormones - myxedema
Insufficient functioning of the thyroid glandleads to myxedema - mucous edema. The oxidation processes are sluggish, the heart is weak, which often causes swelling of the legs. Subjectively, the patient with myxedema feels lethargy, weakness and drowsiness.With miksedem, the processes of inhibition in the nervous system predominate over the processes of excitation.
