What tests are given in the first trimester of pregnancy

What tests are given in the first trimester of pregnancy



Pregnancy is an important event in the life of eachwomen. The first trimester of pregnancy is the most crucial time when all the organs and systems of the child are formed. During this period of time, the future mother needs to pass certain tests to timely identify possible deviations in the development of the fetus.





What tests are given in the first trimester of pregnancy


















You will need




  • - capacity for collecting urine;
  • - directions of a gynecologist.




Instructions





1


Primary treatment to a gynecologist forIt is desirable to have a woman register for pregnancy on the 4th-6th week of pregnancy. The following laboratory tests should be performed: general clinical blood test, general urine analysis, biochemical blood test, syphilis test, HIV, hepatitis B and C, sexually transmitted diseases, cytomegalovirus infection, toxoplasmosis, rubella, simple herpes virus, Rh factor, coagulogram.





2


Every 4 weeks, before visiting a gynecologist, it is necessary to take urine for general clinical analysis. At 12-13 a week, biochemical screening is carried out: a blood test on RAPP-a, free hCG.





3


A general clinical blood test is necessary forcontrol of hemoglobin level, sedimentation rate of erythrocytes, leukocytes. A slight decrease in hemoglobin can be observed in a pregnant woman due to an increase in the volume of circulating blood. At low concentrations of hemoglobin, the gynecologist will prescribe the necessary course of treatment. The increase in ESR and the number of leukocytes may indicate the presence of an inflammatory process in the body.





4


During pregnancy, a largeload. It is necessary to monitor the state of the kidneys based on the results of a general clinical study of urine. Normally, the urine should be absent protein, glucose. Single leukocytes and a small number of cells of the flat epithelium are acceptable.





5


In biochemical analysis of blood determineamount of protein, glucose, creatinine, urea, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alataminotransferase (ALT). Based on the results obtained with this analysis, the general condition of the pregnant woman is judged.





6


Studies on sexually transmitted diseasesby way of, TORCH-infection (cytomegalovirus infection, toxoplasmosis, rubella, simple herpes virus) is carried out in the immunological laboratory by means of the blood test for antibodies. These diseases increase the risk of an intrauterine fetal anomaly.





7


Determine the blood group is necessary for a possibleblood transfusion if there is a blood loss during childbirth. The Rh-factor of blood is determined in the future mother and future father. If the mother has a negative Rh factor, and the papa has a positive one, then the pregnant woman will be prescribed a direction for donating blood for the quantitative determination of antiresusive antibodies.





8


Blood test for a pregnant woman's coagulogramincludes: determination of prothrombin index, fibrinogen, APTTV, RFMK. According to the results of this study, the coagulation capacity of blood is judged. If a susceptibility to thrombosis or bleeding is detected in a pregnant woman, the doctor is given appropriate treatment.





9


A blood test on RAPP-a and free hCGis the first screening and reveals the possibility of the presence of genetic diseases in the fetus. A significant increase in the content of hCG and RAAP-a in the blood occurs with Down's syndrome in the fetus. Decreased concentration may indicate the development of fetoplacental insufficiency.