Tip 1: What a plague of carnivores

Medicine

Tip 1: What a plague of carnivores

Plague of carnivores, or, as it is called incommon people, "plague", is a viral disease of carnivores. The disease is characterized by the defeat of the nervous system, pneumonia, skin exanthema, fever and acute catarrhal inflammation of the mucous membranes.

Pathogenesis of Plague

The most susceptible to carnivorous plague are suchAnimals like wolves, dogs, jackals, foxes, sables, ferrets, etc. Increased susceptibility is characterized by young growth. Among the breeds of dogs the Laiki, Poodles, Collies, Pekinese, Bull Terriers and German Shepherds are most susceptible to the "plague" virus. The source of infection is feces, saliva, urine and other discharges of patients or having recovered from the "plague" of animals. The main carriers of the disease are wild carnivores. When infected, the probability of a lethal outcome without adequate treatment is 80% -90%.

Most often, infection occurs through the oral and aerogenic method with direct and indirect contact with infected objects.

The virus "plague" is introduced through the mucous membranesand enters the lymph nodes, where blood and lymph carry it throughout the body. As a result, various organs and tissues undergo numerous pathological changes - especially the respiratory, immune, nervous, lymphatic, circulatory, digestive and endocrine systems. The incubation period of the development of the disease is usually from 3 to 7 days.

Symptoms of carnivorous plague

"Chumka" is characterized by a diverse picturedisease, which is due to the presence of secondary infections, the state of immunity and virulence of the pathogen. The over-fast course of the disease gives a sharp jump in temperature to 40oC, a refusal of food, acute rhinitis and conjunctivitis, after which the animal empties into a coma and dies for 2-3 days. The acute and subacute course lasts from 2 to 4 weeks. Adult dogs with strong immunity suffer from fever and depression of general condition for 3-5 days and eventually recover.

Some veterinarians share carnivorous plague on the nervous, cutaneous, intestinal, mixed and pulmonary forms of the disease.

Despite the variety of symptoms, most oftenthe clinical period of development of the "plague" in most animals is characterized by acute inflammation of the respiratory, urino-genital and digestive mucous membranes. In addition, there is a sharp rise in body temperature by 1-3oC, lethargy, chills, cracked nose skin, mucus and pus from the eyes and nose, shortness of breath and frequent heartbeat. Animals refuse to eat, drink plenty of water and sneeze. In the future, lesions of all body systems can develop, therefore, at the first symptoms of the "plague" the animal should be isolated as soon as possible and delivered to the veterinary clinic.

Tip 2: What does bubonic plague look like and what are the ways of its transmission

Plague translated from Latin is translatedas "infection", and this disease fully justifies its name - it is believed that it was the bubonic plague that devastated a quarter of Europe in the Middle Ages. At least 25 million people were killed.

The incubation period of bubonic plague does not exceedtwo to three days, except for cases when the infected received immunoglobulin or similar drugs. In such cases, the disease can make itself felt only six to nine days after infection.

Symptoms of bubonic plague

Symptoms of plague - a rise in temperature,weakness, headaches. In some cases, insomnia and hallucinations are possible. In the case of infection through a bite of an insect, a small red spot forms in its place, which eventually turns into an abscess and bursts, forming an ulcer. Another reliable symptom of plague is the enlargement of the lymph nodes. They turn into large formations and are called buboons, from which the name of the disease, which in the Middle Ages was referred to as "Black Death", was called. Touches to buboes are very painful, and high temperature weakens the body even more. In addition to all this, with bubonic plague, there are symptoms such as low blood pressure, cardiac dysfunction and a thick white coating on the tongue.

Distribution and transmission routes of infection

There are several ways to transmit pathogensbubonic plague. You can get infected through the bite of infected insects, for example fleas, or by airborne droplets, by communicating with infected people. It is possible and alimentary infection when eating meat of infected animals. Most of the mammals that carry the bubonic plague are rodents. Gophers, marmots and rats, which are widespread everywhere, very often cause people's illness. Of animals that are objects of hunting, foxes and rabbits carry the plague, and camels are the "black death" from domesticated animals. The most common way to infect a plague is a bite of a flea that drank blood from infected rodents, for example rats. The infection is collected from the flea in the goiter, forming a block, and does not allow the insect to feed. The flea has to regurgitate the accumulated infection into the wounds of other animals and people, thus spreading the infection. Infected fleas live no longer than ten days, but experiments show that during this time they can infect up to eleven animals. Nowadays, bubonic plague is treated with special antibiotics and it is not as dangerous as before. Mortality does not exceed five to ten percent, and if you start treatment on time, then the risk of a fatal outcome is completely excluded.