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Hemoglobin is also called the coloring substance of blood,because it is he who gives red blood cells. That is, blood, poor in oxygen, because of low hemoglobin can get a darker color, and vice versa. But how exactly does it take part in the transportation of oxygen? In the lungs, where the oxygen level is high enough, it is attached to hemoglobin with the formation of oxyhemoglobin. He, in turn, is able to easily give oxygen. As a result, the blood saturated with it acquires a bright scarlet color (arterial blood). Further, moving along the vascular capillaries, in which the oxygen level is much lower, oxyhemoglobin breaks down into hemoglobin and oxygen. As a result, the tissues absorb the second, and the blood depleted by it acquires a dark color (venous blood). In hemoglobin, there is the ability to easily attach carbon monoxide (carbon monoxide) and disintegrate 300 times slower than in a conventional process. At the same time, the ability to attach oxygen is lost. This explains the rapid violation of breathing when poisoning with carbon monoxide. The amount of hemoglobin in a person's blood has a constant value. And only with some diseases or physiological conditions it can change. So, for example, if there is insufficient intake of vitamins and minerals from the food, or if there is a violation of their absorption, hemoglobin decreases. The same can happen with bleeding and some blood diseases, and the amount of hemoglobin and its chemical structure (for example, in sickle-cell anemia) can change. After the destruction of red blood cells that occurs in the spleen, hemoglobin with blood flow gets into the liver, where with its participation there is a formation of a coloring pigment of bile - bilirubin. The formation of new erythrocytes occurs in the bone marrow.