Tip 1: Summer Olympic sports: triathlon
Tip 1: Summer Olympic sports: triathlon
Eventing is the most difficult Olympic eventequestrian sport. It includes riding, field trials and overcoming obstacles. Eventing is included in the program of the Summer Olympics 2012 in London. Competitions are held in Greenwich Park from 28 to 31 July, involving 75 athletes.
Equestrian triathlon was first included in the Olympicthe game in 1912. Officers-cavalry officers took part in it. These competitions showed how the battle horses are ready to participate in military operations and military parades, checking their abilities and physical training. Currently, the eventing competitions usually take several days. First, participants demonstrate the art of riding in the arena. Performing simple exercises that are evaluated on a 10-point scale. Then the sum of points for this competition, penal points for mistakes and the delayed time is counted up. On the second day, the most difficult part of equestrian triathlon is held - field trials. During the competition, riders must pass the cross-country distance, consisting of four segments. The first segment (A) of the horse must undergo an alternating gait. At the same time, the rider needs to calculate such speed of the horse's movement in order to maintain its strength and at the same time not exceed the control time of passing this segment (penalties are charged for this). Then the participants pass the steeplechase site (B). Horses must overcome obstacles without hurting them. Distance on the segment (C) is required to pass exactly the same as on the segment (A) - a variable gait. The next segment of the path (D) is cross. On a length of approximately eight kilometers, there are four non-collapsing obstacles, they are set on steep slopes, behind turns, in water. For exceeding the control time, fall and disobedience of the horse, the rider is penalized. The final part of the triathlon is a competition for overcoming obstacles (competitions). They are held in a special field or in a closed arena, depending on the weather conditions. Participants must pass through all obstacles. These are easily assembled structures up to 120 cm high. If the horse jumps over them, they are destroyed. In this case, for the excess of the control time, the disobedience of the horse, the destruction of obstacles, the fall of the horse or rider, penalty points are awarded. When summing up the competition results, the points for each contest are subtracted from the highest score, and the amount of penalty points is added. The athlete, who has scored the least number of penalty points for all the competition days, becomes the winner in the eventing.
Tip 2: Summer Olympic sports: triathlon
For the first time the triathlon was included in the program of the Summer Olympic Games in Sydney in 2000. This sport allows you to constantly develop physical abilities in swimming, running and cycling.
From athletes, triathletes require a largeendurance, because such a competition is a swim for 1.5 km, followed by a race on bicycles for a distance of 40 km. The final stage is a 10 km run. There are no breaks between the exercises. The men's individual championship and the women's personal championship take place on the same track, only at different times. Participants start from the pontoon at the same time. So begins the swim in the open reservoir along a triangular route, defined by cables. You can not cut the route bypassing the buoys. It is allowed to use any style of swimming. Approximately 20 minutes the first stage of the race ends. It is followed by a bicycle tour. On the road there are several medical aid points. Athletes can spend about one hour or more on the second part of the competition. During the competition in the race, the mandatory condition is the movement on the legs. It happens that this requirement is difficult to observe, because the last stage is the most difficult. For the creation of interference to other athletes there are punishments. For example, if the violation took place during the first stage of the race, the swimmer who prevented the opponent will be detained for half a minute. Also, some of the contestants are issued yellow warning and red disqualification cards. During the Olympic Games, certain rules apply that relate to outfitting. During the swim, athletes must wear caps. Do not use fins or swimming vests. During the cycle cycle, you must be in the helmet. The bicycles on which athletes are going to go are checked the day before the match for compliance with the necessary requirements and standards. It is necessary to run in shoes. Despite the high physical load to which the participants of the eventing are exposed, this relatively young sport has become very popular.
Tip 3: Summer Olympic sports: weightlifting
Weightlifting in the program of modern summerThe Olympic Games for the first time appeared in 1896 in Athens. Since then, athletes have consistently delighted spectators with their remarkable strength except for 1900, 1908 and 1912, when competitions in this sport were not held. Women-weightlifters first performed at the Olympics in Sydney in 2000.
Weightlifting is a technical and power appearancesport. Its basis is to lift as much weight as possible by athletes. Athletes perform two exercises with a projectile - a jerk and a jolt. Since 1896 the program of competitions has been constantly changing. Athletes carried out the press, a push with both hands, a push with one hand and a jerk. Weightlifting consisted first of triathlon, then - pentathlon. Only in 1973 was established the current and until now the biathlon, with a jerk and a push with both hands. Athletes in the championships and the Olympics perform the change. This exercise is a take on the straight and then raised hands of the heaviest weight for the athlete. The position of the bar on elongated hands is fixed by the judges, only then the shell can be lowered, otherwise the attempt will not be counted. The draw is carried out by raising the bar with the pancakes over the participant's head with one verified movement. The athlete "pulls" the cargo directly from the platform on the straightened hands, crouching under it. Already with the barbell above his head, the weightlifter stands up, straightening his legs. The pin is divided into two movements. The first of them the athlete detaches the projectile from the platform and puts it on his chest, crouching while doing so. Then the athlete rises. The next movement is a semi-squat and a sharp push of the barbell upwards on the straightened arms. For this, the legs can be arranged for convenience in the sides or forward and back for better stop. When the bar is fixed above the head, the weightlifter must put the stops at one level. Heavy athletics means direct competition. Each athlete has the right to three attempts in both jerk and jerk. In the derivation of the result, the maximum weights in the exercise are summarized. The girls perform the same exercises as the men. But, of course, with less weight. All athletes are divided into different competing groups depending on their weight. In the program of the Olympic Games 8 categories-disciplines for men and 7 for women are declared. As a result, 15 sets of medals are played out, one for athletes of each weight. The following categories are distinguished for men: up to 56, 62, 69, 77, 85, 94, 105 and over 105 kilograms. Women are divided into groups by weight: up to 48, 53, 58, 63, 69, 75 and over 75 kilograms.
