Tip 1: History of the Olympic Movement
Tip 1: History of the Olympic Movement
The Olympic Games enjoy a greatPopularity, and they are eagerly awaited in many countries of the world. However, for their centuries-old history, they experienced ups and downs, they were forbidden and again allowed, boycotted and even turned into an event of a regional rather than a global scale.
The first documented OlympicGames were held in Greece in 776 BC. Nevertheless, there is information that can indirectly indicate that such competitions were held earlier. In particular, there is a legend according to which the Olympic Games were first organized by Hercules as far back as 1210 BC, although no confirmation was found. From the documents that reached us it became known that the Olympic Games initially included only one kind of competition - running, moreover they were not numbered, as in our time, but received their name on behalf of the winner. The scientists also found out that during the games there should have been a truce between the warring states, however, unfortunately, this rule was repeatedly violated. The games were canceled several times, and when Christianity became the official religion, they were banned altogether, after christening pagan fun. The Olympic games were forgotten for many centuries, but there are reports that in the 17th century such events, only on a regional scale, were held in a number of countries, Among which were Greece, France, England, etc. In the nineteenth century, the theme of the Olympic Games arose in the works of the Greek poet Panagiotis Sucos. The poet repeatedly sent petitions to the ruler and spoke about how important it is to revive the Olympic Games. However, the result he managed to achieve only after many years with the help of the Greek public figure Evangelis Zappas, who in 1859 spent his own savings on the Olympics. A few decades later, the Frenchman Pierre de Coubertin strongly supported the idea of the Greeks. He was sure that it was the French, who had suffered a shameful defeat in the war with Prussia, should strengthen not only the bodies, but also the souls. Moreover, Monsieur Coubertin dreamed of uniting athletes around the world to finally reach mutual understanding and stop bloody wars. Thanks to the efforts of Pierre de Coubertin, in 1896 the first Summer Olympic Games were held, after which they were repeated every four years and are still held. In 1924, the first Winter Olympic Games were organized. At first they were held in the same year as the Summer ones, but, beginning in 1994, they began to organize with an interval of two years. Later, the Olympics received special development: since 1960 special competitions for disabled people have been held, and since 2010 - for juniors from 14 to 18 years.
Tip 2: How is the city chosen for the Olympic Games
Holding the Olympic Games in one of itscities is a great honor and responsibility for the country. For more than a century of the history of the Olympic movement, rules have been formed, according to which the future capital of the Olympic Games is chosen.
The first Olympics almost unanimouslyit was decided to hold in the capital of Greece - Athens. This was due to respect for the history of the competitions themselves, which appeared in this country. The Greek authorities were pleased with the performance of the games of 1896 and their success and wanted the Olympics to be always held in Greece. The International Olympic Committee did not agree with this, since such an idea did not correspond to the very international spirit of the games. It was decided to hold every competition in a new country. A few decades later, there was a clear set of rules on how to choose the Olympic capital. Approximately 10 years before the next competition, the International Olympic Committee announces the deadline for submitting city applications for participation in the games. In the applications themselves, the conditions of the games, as well as the infrastructure and sports facilities should be presented. which are already in stock and which are planned for construction. The city should demonstrate that it is ideal for quietly organizing competitions. Approximately 9 years before the games from the filed applications selected several favorites. In addition to the idea, the Olympic Committee should evaluate the possibility of its implementation, then, whether the government of the country where the city is located has enough money to finance such costly competitions. In many respects for financial reasons, no other Olympics have been held in Africa, and in South America the first games will be held in Rio de Janeiro only in 2018. After 2 years, the time of announcement of the winning city comes. At a special meeting of the Olympic Committee of three cities, by secret ballot one is selected. Cities that did not win this year's competition can apply the next time.
