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Everest

The real name of the highest mountain on Earth,located in the Himalayan mountain system, sounds like Jomolungma. This peak rises to 8848 meters: no other mountain in the world does not exceed this mark.

Even the second peak of the two-headed Everest beats all records - 8760 meters above sea level.

The title of the highest point in the world was awardedgrief only in the middle of the XIX century, when the worker of the Indian geodetic service Radhanat Sikdar measured its height. Since by that time there was no known of any such high peak, Jomolungma received this title. Subsequently, the dimensions of the mountain were specified: with each subsequent, more accurate and accurate measurement, Everest was even greater.

The latest results of the Italian geologist and the American expedition (8850 and 8872) were not officially recognized.

Due to its honorary title of mountainattracts a lot of extremals, challenging the harsh nature. Every year several hundred people try to climb Mount Everest, but not everyone succeeds: difficult conditions are a difficult test even for the most trained climbers, many of whom have ended their lives on the slopes of the highest mountain in the world.

Mariana Trench

Mariana Trench, also known as MarianaThe depression is the lowest point on the surface of the earth's crust. This trough is located in the Pacific Ocean, in its western part, near the Mariana Islands. This is a long depression, which at its lowest point, known as the "Challenger's Abyss," is about 11,000 meters below sea level. The Marian Trench was discovered in 1875, at the same time measurements were made of its depth. At that time, the instruments were not very precise and showed a result of 8,367 meters (possibly, measurements were not made at the deepest point). In the middle of the XX century, the English expedition set a maximum depth of 10,863 meters, and a little later these dimensions were specified by the Soviet expedition, which provided a result of 11,023 meters. The Mariana Trench is an amazing formation. On its bottom there are real mountain ranges that formed hundreds of millions of years ago. In 1960, the first dive to the bottom of the trench on the bathyscaphe "Trieste" was completed. After this, there were only two dives, one of the brave ones was the famous director James Cameron. The lowest point on land is near the Dead Sea on the border between Israel and Jordan. This region is located 399 meters below sea level.