Tip 1: What is the system

The science

Tip 1: What is the system

Systemic education can be observed everywhere in the world around the person. Economic, technological, social, natural, solar - these are all examples of systems.

Instructions

The word "system"Is of Greek origin and means the wholeFrom several parts, organization, system, device, organism combination. The concept of the system - one of the most fundamental in science, implies the presence of several objects, interconnected and thanks to these links functioning as a single whole. Thus, the objects of the system acquire qualities that are absent from them individually. Systems are material and abstract (theories, algorithms, mathematical models). Also, depending on their origin, they are divided into natural, artificial and mixed. Other classifications are simple and complex systems, open and closed, deterministic (predictable) and nondeterministic.

Each system Has a number of signs - signs of systemic. First, it is a sign of external integrity: in relation to the environment system Manifests itself as a single, isolated whole. Secondly, it is a sign of internal integrity: the links between the elements are stable. If communications are violated, system can not perform its functions. Thirdly, it has a hierarchy - within it you can allocate subsystems. Any system Has the purpose of its existence and consists of elements. An element is a component that can not be broken down into even smaller parts.

As an example of a system,a society of people in which each individual performs his function, and the relationships and relationships between individuals are built on the basis of social and legal laws. The person himself is a vivid example of a biological system where all organs function in concert. From technical systems you can call a computer, a car, etc.

The system approach is associated with the concept of the system, applied in scientific research, in production, etc. For solving problems. Wherein system Is broken into parts so that it is easier to analyze with respect to each individual element, after which the results are synthesized again.

Tip 2: What is the electronic visa system

In Europe, the tourism business is one of the mostThe most profitable sectors of the economy, which, moreover, creates additional jobs. However, for tourists from Russia, the ability to travel around the Old World significantly hamper visas.

Completely cancel the visa regime between countriesSchengen zone and Russia will not work, because Europe is already suffering from the influx of illegal immigrants. However, one must take into account that most of them came to the European Union for tourist visas. The European Commission put forward the idea of electronic visas, which will help solve the problem of illegal emigration and not lose revenue from Russian tourism. The essence of the idea is that potential tourists from Russia do not have to personally come to embassies and consulates of European countries with a package of documents for obtaining a visa. It will be enough to fill in the questionnaire on the embassy's website no later than 72 hours before the trip. Instead of general and foreign passports, photocopies of the relevant pages can be submitted. The entire package of documents is sent to the embassy by regular mail. Information on issued visas will be stored in a special database Visa Entitlement Verification Online (VEVO). You can pay for visas by bank cards. This system is already in effect when Russian citizens receive Australian visas. When entering the EU state, Russians will hand over fingerprints. Upon departure, the system will record that the tourist has left the country. In this way it will be easier to track people who have decided to stay illegally in Europe. True, the Europeans did not take into account the peculiarities of the work of the Russian Post. Perhaps, it would be easier for potential tourists to reach the nearest consulate and personally hand over the documents, than to be nervous, wondering if the package was delivered to the destination or not. In September 2012, the commissioner of the European Commission for Security and Home Affairs should submit a document on the issue of electronic visas. However, even if the document is accepted, the system will not work until 2017.

Tip 3: What is a social system

The social system is a rather complex speciesHuman relations, implying a certain goal. It is most often associated with the development of nature, society or certain social groups. However, in order to fully understand this concept, it is necessary to take into account a number of facts.

In the broadest sense, a social system is a highly organized set of relationships between different individuals.

However, a system of different levels can be called social. Depending on the type of organization, place in society, purpose, nature and relationship with the environment, there are 5 main types:

The whole society of people. This includes absolutely the whole aggregate of individuals living on Earth.
A concrete historical community. This includes not only people, but also relations between them (political, economic, spiritual and social). Example: American society.
Estates, nations, ethnic groups, elites, etc. This should include any association of people of a lower order.
Organization. First of all, business. But also this includes scientific organizations, credit and financial institutions, institutions and so on.
Sites, brigades, etc. In fact, the primary groups of people, working in any production or participating in informal organizations.

Also, any social system can be divided into 4 main groups:

People. The most important component of the social system.
Processes. That is, any actions related to the political, economic, social or spiritual sphere.
Household items. They ensure the functioning of the system and simplify the achievement of the task.
Cultural and social ideas. This includes traditions, customs, values, etc.