Tip 1: How to do a water analysis
Tip 1: How to do a water analysis
In the modern world it is difficult enough to findperfectly clean water. Have you ever wondered what kind of water you use for cooking, washing, what do you and your loved ones drink everyday? If you are worried about your health and the health of your loved ones, then you just need to conduct a chemical analysis water, which you consume. How to properly conduct analysis water?
You will need
- Two bottles, one tablespoon of table vinegar, a label on the bottle.
Instructions
1
Pick up a suitable container in which you will collect water for analysisa. Taking into account that the analysisa water requires approximately 2 liters of liquid, but you can not collect water for analysisand in a container, the volume of which exceeds 1, 5 liters. Water should be typed in two bottles. 1.5 liters in one and 0.5 liters in the other.
2
Add 1 tablespoon of table vinegar ina small bottle. This water will be used to determine the level of iron. But while apple cider vinegar can not be used! Important!!! Do not use bottles of alcoholic and sugary drinks!
3
Go directly to the sampling fence water. Before you type water, the bottle needsrinse with the water that you will be typing in it. Water should be collected in a thin trickle over the wall so that it does not have time to be saturated with oxygen, t. this can cause chemical reactions. The bottle should be dialed to the very top, so that between the water and the lid of the bottle did not get an air-cork.
4
Stick the label on the water bottle. On this label, indicate: f.o., source water (well, tap, artesian well, ...), the address of the fence water, date of fence.
5
Deliver the collected water to the organization immediately. Specialists will analysis water.
6
Use also the services of the Sanitary and Epidemiological Station, the separation of your water canal. A private organization can also help analysisa waterOrganization for analysisa water it is better to choose in advance to deliver water in the shortest possible time. This should be done on the same day that the fence was made water. If this condition is not feasible, then the sample should be in the laboratory no later than the next day. To do this, bottles of water should be placed in the refrigerator.
Tip 2: How to do thyroid hormone analysis
Early detection of thyroid dysfunctionis necessary for effective therapy with the least pathological disorders in the body - the purpose of conducting a survey of this body. One of the main indicators of its functional ability in the laboratory is the analysis of thyroid hormones.
Instructions
1
When nodes are detected in the thyroid tissue atpalpation or detection of an increase in its size by ultrasound, it is necessary to conduct a study of the number of hormones in the gland in the blood. The presence of signs of hypothyroidism (increased body weight, delayed speech, slow heart rate) or hyperthyroidism (excessive sweating, the presence of tremors, palpitation) is the basis for the appointment of this analysis.
2
With previously detected violations of the functionthyroid gland is recommended to regularly check the level of hormones to select the optimal dose of drugs or monitor the dynamics of recovery. The indicators that are recommended for evaluation of the thyroid gland include: T3 (triiodothyronine) total and free, T4 (thyroxine) total and free, TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone of the pituitary gland), antibodies to thyroglobulin, antibodies to thyroxine peroxidase, calcitonin.
3
Study on thyroid hormonesis carried out in the immunological laboratory with a medical and preventive institution in the direction of the doctor or individually. The results of the study will not be informative when taking medications that affect the function of the thyroid gland (artificial hormones, thyreostatics). The analysis should be performed one month after the withdrawal of these medications. When taking these medications, you should consult your doctor about the possibility of canceling drugs for examination or continuing to take medication at prescribed doses.
4
The intake of vitamin complexes containingiodine, leads to distorted results. It is necessary to exclude the intake of vitamins 3-5 days before the study. If 2 days before the test for hormones it is necessary to undergo an X-ray examination with intravenous administration of contrast medium, the procedure of blood sampling should be postponed to obtain reliable results.
5
Blood sampling for analysis is carried out from the veinin the morning on an empty stomach. The preferred time for delivery is 10-10.30 am. The day before taking the test, it is recommended to exclude fatty and fried foods, alcohol from the diet, and do not consume large amounts of liquid. It is forbidden to take tea, coffee, juices and water before passing the analysis to prevent false results. On the day of the study, it is desirable to exclude physical activity and emotional overexcitation. For 20 minutes before taking blood, you need to sit, relax, and relax. It is recommended not to smoke 1 hour before the test for hormones of the thyroid gland.
Tip 3: How to collect urine for analysis in infants
It happens that to visit a pediatrician and take testsyoung parents with babies are quite often. This raises the question: how to collect urine correctly and easily from the baby, so that the analysis is correct.
Cleanliness - a prerequisite for the collection of urine
It is worth remembering that the baby's skin when collecting the analysisurine should be very clean. This applies equally to girls and boys. The child must be washed up, removing the remnants of cream and dirt. Any contamination in the analysis will spoil it. It is best to wash the baby under running water, as using wet napkins on the skin there may be various additives, because of which the mochebornik simply does not stick. To collect the morning urine better. It is more concentrated. The baby will have to be awakened for this, because the urination of the baby often occurs immediately after awakening. If you wait until the child wakes up, you can skip the moment. In addition to the urine sampler in the pharmacy, you need to buy a special jar. Children's tests are taken only in sterile dishes, so no can be used from baby food.How to use a children's mochebnik
After you have washed the child, it's timeuse the urinals. It can be bought at a pharmacy. The price of this simple device is about 15 rubles. Buy several pieces at once: not all young parents get it right the first time. The children's mocheskornik is a small plastic bag, on one side of which an adhesive layer is made for attaching to the baby's skin. There are universal models, as well as special ones for boys and girls. Cardinally they are not different. It is important that the urine collection is sterile inside. This improves the quality of the collected analysis. For convenience, there is a marking on it, as far as the ml of the urine collection is filled. To attach the urine collector, remove the protective film. After it is attached, you can put on a diaper or put the baby on a waterproof diaper. In the second case, you will quickly notice that urination has begun and will be able to correct the urine sampler if necessary. However, in the diaper, it will be better fixed, that is, less likely that the baby will accidentally tear off the urine collection. In order to speed up the process, you can feed the baby with a breast or turn on the tap water. Both sucking and the sound of the flowing water contribute to urinating in the baby. When the urinal is filled, it must be carefully peeled off. Holding it over a sterile plastic jar for analysis, you simply cut off the corner of the package and pour out the contents. For correct research, about 20 ml of urine is needed (unless otherwise agreed by the pediatrician).Other ways to collect urine from a baby
The use of children's urine collection is the mostA simple way to sterilely collect urine for analysis in infants. Keep the baby above the jar in the hope of getting into it from a distance - hardly a good idea. It is possible already with a grown-up child who knows how to "ask for a pot." There are still old ways of collecting the analysis from a newborn. Previously, the baby was put on an oilcloth, which then poured the urine into a jar, or squeezed the diaper (cotton wool) on which the baby pissed. Such methods are completely unacceptable due to the inclusion in the analysis of various debris. In addition, so collect urine is unpleasant for the baby.Tip 4: Where to put the water for analysis
Water for a living organism is a true sourcelife. However, it is water that can cause irreparable damage to human health, carrying dissolved substances that can be dangerous to humans. Assessment of drinking water quality is carried out by specialized laboratories.
To assess the quality of drinking water useseveral physico-chemical methods for its analysis. This issue is addressed by laboratories, water quality research centers and control centers. Of course, all these institutions are divided into public and private.
Laboratory checks
In laboratories, chemical analyzes are carried outselected water samples, determine its main parameters, starting with color, the presence of impurities, sediment, the content of chemical elements, the presence or absence of radioactive substances. To bring water for analysis is necessary within a day, so that it does not stand up. Some private laboratories specifically provide courier services to quickly and quickly carry out research. However, the rules for selecting the material are the same for all: drain the water for 5 minutes and then pour the sample into a clean, necessarily glass bottle. The intake of water should be slow, since a rapid intake of water contributes to its saturation with oxygen and a subsequent chemical reaction; Water should be poured to the top of the lid to prevent air from entering there. It is worth noting that most people try to pass water for analysis to the Vodokanal or Sanitary-Epidemiological Station, but it is important to understand that state organizations mostly have old equipment. Not always the result is true, often the data is distorted. It is best to pass the water to both the public and private laboratories, then you can compare the results yourself and understand what conclusion you draw from both conclusions.Result
With the help of the analyzes you can learnon the presence in the sample of impurities, for example, heavy metals, the content of dissolved gases, iron and manganese, other chemical elements. Information on "heavy" water or water with an abundance of impurities can serve as an excuse for applying to supervisory authorities, as well as for litigation, because tap water must comply with strict standards. River and lake water also has certain parameters, if exceeded, the pond can be considered dangerous and unsuitable for use (irrigation, bathing, etc.).Tip 5: How to identify diabetes
Diabetes. Such a diagnosis is heard daily by thousands of patientsWorldwide. This incurable disease, leading to serious consequences. Timely diagnosis allows timely detection and full control of blood sugar levels, improves the quality of life of the patient and reduces the death rate. To diagnose diabetes, you should consult your doctor and hand blood and urine for a laboratory check-up.
You will need
- - blood test;
- - Analysis of urine;
- - recommendations of the endocrinologist;
- - a glucometer.
Instructions
1
If you feel thirsty, changeappetite upward or downward, often get up at night to take a sip of water, feel weak, dizzy, often catch cold, the body appears sores or ulcers that do not heal well, there is frequent urination, especially at night, immediately consult a therapist.
2
A district therapist will write you directions foranalyzes of blood and urine, and will also give a referral to the endocrinologist. Diabetes mellitus is controlled and treated by an endocrinologist. There are two types of diabetes - type 1, when production of insulin ceases or it is produced in insufficient quantity and 2 types when insulin production is sufficient, but the body tissues do not absorb it and all insulin enters the blood.
3
If you have a blood test, then come tohim early in the morning. To pass the analysis should be strictly on an empty stomach. The most reliable results are obtained by passing two tests, when the first is taken from the vein on an empty stomach, the second - 2 hours after taking 100 g of glucose in the form of syrup or tablets.
4
Normal blood counts when analyzing from a vein7.8 mmol / l are considered. If the blood sugar level is higher, then to 11.1 mmol / l you will be diagnosed with prediabetes, above 11.1 mmol / L is already developed form of diabetes, which requires immediate treatment.
5
After taking glucose after 2 hours, a sharp jumpsugar in the blood also indicates that diabetes has developed, and the level of sugar must be controlled with antidiabetic drugs or insulin.
6
The detected sugar in the urine can say that the diabetes has exceeded the renal threshold and can contribute to impaired renal function, which also requires immediate treatment.
7
When the diagnosis is established, you will be registered,will write out medications and repeat visits to the endocrinologist. You must follow all the doctor's recommendations, buy a glucometer and independently carry out the diagnosis of the sugar level at home several times a day.
