Tip 1: How to make a thermostat
Tip 1: How to make a thermostat
Thermostat A device that maintains the temperature inany volume constant. Precise thermostats, which stabilize the temperature to a fraction of a degree, are complex and expensive. If such high accuracy is not required, the thermostat can be self-made.
You will need
- Thermistor
- Parts for the manufacture of thermostat
- Soldering iron, solder and neutral flux
- 12 V power supply
- Heater
- Control thermometer
Instructions
1
The principle of the thermostat isthe following. Immediately after switching on the device, it supplies power to the heater. The signal from the temperature sensor is fed to one input of the comparator, its second input is connected to the regulator. When the temperature exceeds the setpoint, the logic unit at the comparator output will change to zero, and the transistor switch will remove the power from the relay controlling the heater. It will begin to cool down, and when the temperature is lower than the preset, the comparator will again apply a logical unit to the transistor switch. The heater will turn on and the process will repeat. The inertia of the heater provides hysteresis of the thermostat.
2
Find the link to the description at the end of this articlehomemade thermostat. Open it in a separate tab of the browser. If you do not have any of the parts necessary to assemble the thermostat, purchase them.
3
Assemble the thermostat electronic unit, butDo not connect the heater to it yet. Feed food to it. When heating and cooling the thermotube, make sure that when the temperature reaches a certain temperature, the relay trips. Rotating the variable resistor, check whether the threshold of the thermostat operation changes when the position of its engine changes.
4
Place the power supply and thermostat in a separateinsulating housing. The thermistor and heater should be carried to a room where the temperature should be stabilized on long cords. However, if the thermostat is located in the same room as the heater, you can place the thermistor next to it. But in any case not inside the case, since then it will be heated by the power unit. Connect the thermistor and the heater to the thermostat.
5
Turn on the thermostat. Make sure that the temperature in the room increases with the control thermometer. When it reaches a certain threshold, the heater should turn off. After that, it should be periodically turned on and off, and the temperature in the room is almost unchanged. If so, the thermostat works correctly.
6
Change the thermostat setting. After half an hour, measure the temperature in the room. Make sure that it has accordingly changed to the direction in which you changed the setting, and then stopped changing again, and the heater is still periodically turned on and off.
Tip 2: How to change the thermostat on "Kalina"
The thermostat performs a very useful function inwork car. He switches the movement of the liquid, directs it either along a large circle or a small one. A kind of traffic controller that maintains the temperature of the engine.
You will need
- - Hex to 5;
- - Allen key 13 with deep head;
- - Allen key or spanner on 8;
- - capacity;
- - Screwdrivers.
Instructions
1
Remove the negative terminal from the battery. You will carry out work under the hood, and there are enough electrical wires that can be accidentally hooked, which will cause a short circuit. Now, when the car is de-energized, you will need a reservoir for draining the coolant. If the motor protection interferes, then remove it.
2
Place the container under the drain hole on theradiator and unscrew the plug. The cooling system on the "Kalina" is hermetic, so the liquid will drain after unscrewing the plug of the expansion tank. It is the plug that adjusts the liquid head from the radiator.
3
Open the stove cock to drain as much as possible.system. When the liquid from the radiator is completely dissolved, place the container under the drain hole in the engine block, and then unscrew the bolt-plug. Only after the entire system is emptied, proceed with the repair of the thermostat.
4
Remove the air filter housing tofree space under the hood. When access to the thermostat has eased, you need to remove all nipples that fit to it. It is easier to do this with a spanner or socket wrench on 8, but you can also use a screwdriver. Then you need to disconnect the thermostat housing. Do this with a 5-prong key. Between the halves of the thermostat, you will find the O-ring, which is best replaced.
5
Remove the thermocouple from the housing. You can only replace it, leaving the case old. But this does not always save, since the element can have dimensions different from the dimensions of the body. Because of this, the operation of the thermostat will be unreliable. Therefore, it is best to change the entire thermostat assembly. To do this, take a few more steps to remove the second half of the thermostat. First, remove the terminal block that is connected to the temperature sensor.
6
Take the socket wrench on 13 with a deep head. With this key, unscrew the nut that secures the earth wire to the thermostat housing. He also needs to unscrew and nuts, which draw the body to the engine block. Pull the body and remove it from the studs. It is likely that the gasket can tear, become attached to the surface. Therefore, it is necessary to clean the surface on the engine block before touching the assembly, which contacts the thermostat.
7
Take a new thermostat and lubricate the surface,which it comes into contact with the engine block, the sealant. The surface on the engine must also be treated with a sealant. Do not apply a thick layer of it, the main thing is to get rid of small irregularities, which can flow through the liquid. Allow to stand for 5-10 minutes, then install the gasket and thermostat housing. Gently tighten the nuts, but not until the end. The final tightening is best done when the sealant has dried.
8
Put the nozzles on the thermostat. Beforehand, it is necessary to lubricate the surface of the thermostat, which is in contact with the nozzles, the sealant. Clamps need to use new ones, since old ones could become unusable due to high temperature. After assembling, tightening all the screw connections, connecting the temperature sensor, you need to fill the system with coolant and get rid of air plugs.
Tip 3: How to change the thermostat in VAZ
The replacement of the thermostat in the VAZ engine cooling system does not require special preparation from the master. Any car owner can deal with this procedure.
You will need
- Screwdriver,
- Silicone Grease,
- antifreeze drain tank.
Instructions
1
Before starting to replace the thermostat in theengine cooling system VAZ car must be installed on a flat surface. If the coolant temperature is high, then wait until the engine has cooled down.
2
Then unscrew in the bottom part of the radiator the drainplug and drain the coolant into a pre-prepared container. Do not forget to remove the cover on the expansion tank. Then go to the right side of the engine compartment and loosen the screw with three screws that fix the rubber nipples on the thermostat.
3
Remove the nozzles from the thermostat. The device itself is removed as unnecessary, and lubricate the inner surface of the nozzles with a small amount of silicone grease. After completing this procedure, put the pipes on a new thermostat and tighten the clamps securely on them.
4
Tighten the plug in the bottom of the radiator,fill the engine cooling system with antifreeze and start the engine. As the machine warms up, monitor the tightness condition, both the thermostat and the connection points with the nozzles.
Tip 4: How to make preheaters
Preheaters are used forwarming up the car engine in cold weather, to facilitate its launch. Sometimes it is used to warm the air in the cabin. If you have technical knowledge and certain skills, then this device can be made yourself in several ways.
Instructions
1
Use the TEN from the oven-tile. This device is relatively inexpensive and is sold in most electrical stores. The main thing is that the heater should be mica, otherwise there is a risk of breaking through the body of an electric current, which is undesirable. Buy also a long cord with a plug for mains power.
2
Connect this lead to the ends thatcome out from the TEN. If there is a soldering iron at home, it is best to solder the place of twisting, otherwise it is necessary to more carefully insulate this part. Use for this purpose a heat-resistant insulating tape that does not melt in case of overheating.
3
Install the assembled preheaterunder the oil pan to the protective ski in case of cold weather. Plug the device into a 220V network for about 20-30 minutes. After that, remove the heater and quietly start the heated engine.
4
Assemble the pre-heater on anotherscheme. To do this, you need a motor from the Bogdan gazelle, a 5 kW heater and some additional details. Take a regular tee, connect a small tube to it and screw in the heater. Add nipples to the corners, through which you can connect the standard cooling hoses in the car. Connect the wires of the motor to the heater.
5
Connect the thermostat to the 12V transformer. It can be purchased separately or, for example, to dismantle a Christmas tree garland. Connect the heater to the network and you can directly, but when the liquid is cooled, the motor will continue to spin, which is not always desirable. Set the temperature of the TEN thermostat to about 40-50 degrees.
6
Mount the structure in the cooling systemcar. Remove to a convenient place a power socket, which is fixed by cold welding or epoxy resin. You can connect the device at night or in the morning for 10-20 minutes before starting the engine.
