When the decree about the lessons of the years was issued
When the decree about the lessons of the years was issued
The abolition of serfdom occurred in 1861. But the beginning of the enslavement of the most numerous at that time estate began a few centuries before. And one of the fundamental documents in this area is the Decree on Lesson Years.
Urochnye summer is a term denoting a term induring which the landowner or feudal lord had the right to demand the initiation of a criminal case and the prosecution of a peasant who had escaped or transferred to another master.
Key Dates and Events
The first time this phrase waswas used in the royal decree of February 20, 1637, in which a five-year term of peasant investigation was established. In other places and sources, this law is called "ukaznye summer." Finally the term was fixed after 1641. Then another decree came out, which established a ten-year term for the investigation. It used exclusively "summer lessons". But even before that time, some steps were taken. So, Ivan the Terrible abolished the right of the peasants to transfer to another master on Yuryev's day, having published "Zapovednye leta." In addition to changing the above-mentioned period, there were several more. So in 1607, in the Cathedral, the code of 5 years increased to 15. This was one of the reasons for the Bolotnikov Uprising. After its suppression, this change was not accepted. In 1639 peasants were supposed to search for 9 years, and in three years this figure increased to 10 if a person fled. When he was picked up by a new feudal lord, another 5 years were added to this number. And, finally, in 1649, another statute of limitations was abolished, which led to the approval of the Serfdom. Causes and consequences
Decree on the lessons of the years was necessary for severalreasons. Firstly, the peasants were economically dependent on the feudal lords, and the latter demanded that it be officially legalized. Secondly, because of the harsh natural and climatic conditions, the landlords could use the cheap labor of the peasants, providing them with housing and food. In addition, the state stability of the economic system suffered, since individual peasant farms had extremely low productivity. Vintage summers and other documents were necessary to consolidate the ruling class and create a solid foundation for the development of all branches of the country. Thus, the peasants finally lost their freedom. At the same time, the social structure of the state was established, which lasted until 1917. The city's population had to be legally obliged. In addition, the official monarchy was established. The vintage summer lasted 40 years, after which a wave of popular protests swept in the 17th century, which only aggravated the situation of the peasants.
