Everything about nitrogen as a chemical element
Everything about nitrogen as a chemical element
Nitrogen is the 15th element in the accountperiodic table with the symbolic designation N. Its atomic mass is 14.00643 g / mol. Nitrogen is a fairly inert gas without any color or smell. A terrestrial atmosphere of approximately three parts of four consists precisely of this chemical element.
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His discovery of nitrogen is due to the scientist HenryCavendish, who in 1772 conducted an interesting experiment - the air was passed over the hot coals, and then treated with alkali and collected in a certain residue. Unfortunately, then Cavendish did not understand that he had discovered a new chemical element, but reported about the experiment to his colleague Joseph Priestley. The latter, in turn, was able to bind nitrogen to oxygen with the help of electric current and separated the inert gas argon. Then the experience was picked up by other chemists of that time, and in the same year Daniel Rutherford called nitrogen "spoiled air" and wrote a whole thesis, which indicated some of the observed properties of this element, after which it became clear that nitrogen is a separate and completely independent element.
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In addition to the earth's atmosphere, according to modernscience, nitrogen is in the gas nebulae, in the solar atmosphere, as well as on several planets - Uranus and Neptune. In terms of the prevalence of this chemical element in the solar system, only the next trio - hydrogen, helium and oxygen, is ahead of it. The toxicological properties of nitrogen have already been studied. For example, due to the high inertness of the element in the atmosphere, it does not affect the organism of living beings, but this situation completely changes in case of increased pressure, when nitrogen can cause intoxication, suffocation and a state of anesthesia. A coffin sickness of divers is also connected with a change in the pressure of nitrogen itself.
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Under normal and natural conditions, nitrogen, likealready mentioned above, has no smell and color. It practically does not dissolve in water and has the following density - 1,2506 kg per cubic meter. The liquid state of this element is reached at a boiling point of minus 195.8 degrees Celsius, when nitrogen begins to be colorless and mobile, almost like water, liquid. Its density in this state is 808 kg per cubic meter, and in case of contact of liquid nitrogen with air, it absorbs oxygen from it. A solid nitrogen state is achievable at minus 209.86 degrees Celsius, when it stops in a mass similar to snow, or in snow-white crystals.
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In the modern world, nitrogen found itself quitevarious use. For example, this is cryotherapy, where the element participates as a coolant. In the petrochemical industry, nitrogen is used to flush various tanks and pipelines, check their integrity under pressure, and also, if necessary, to increase the production of deposits. Nitrogen found its application in the food industry, where it is used as a food additive called E941, used for packaging and storage.
