Council 1: Which countries were part of the anti-Hitler coalition

The science

Council 1: Which countries were part of the anti-Hitler coalition

Victory in the Second World War is unlikely to beIt is possible, if not for the well-coordinated actions of the allies - the anti-Hitler coalition. It included countries with different geopolitical tasks and political system, but disagreements did not prevent them from uniting under the threat of an attack by a common enemy.

The reasons and obstacles in creating a coalition

Nazi Germany began to seek allieseven before the outbreak of war in Europe. Italy, led by Mussolini, also Imperial Japan, entered into an alliance with Hitler, in which the power of the military grew ever stronger. In this situation, it became clear that to protect their own interests, potential opponents of Germany also need to unite. However, the political contradictions between the Allied countries have become an insoluble problem. Although the USSR entered the League of Nations, it could not become a true ally for Britain and France. The United States adhered to the policy of non-interference in European problems.

The creation of an anti-Hitler coalition was hampered bypublic opinion in Britain and a number of other countries - the Europeans did not want the repetition of the First World War and believed in the possibility of a peaceful settlement of the conflict.

The situation changed with the beginning of World War IIwar. In the course of the conflict it became clear that Germany has the intention to significantly expand its territory, using its numerous and well-armed army. It became clear that Britain and other states could not cope with fascism alone.

Countries that are members of the anti-fascist coalition

The unification of countries that oppose fascism,began after the German attack on the USSR on June 22, 1941. A few days later, US President Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Churchill supported the Soviet Union, despite all past disagreements with that country. Soon a treaty of non-aggression was signed between Great Britain and the USSR, and England and the United States issued an Atlantic Charter, which stressed the need not only to protect their territories, but also to free other nations from fascism.

After the signing of the declaration, the practical assistance of the USSR became possible, for example, the supply of arms and food under lend-lease.

During the course of the war, the anti-Hitler coalitionexpanded. At the beginning of the conflict, except for the USSR, Britain and the United States, the coalition was supported by the governments in exile of those European countries that had already been captured by Hitler. Also, the British dominions - Canada and Australia - joined the union of states. After the overthrow of Mussolini's government, the Italian Republic's government, which controlled part of the country's territory, also took the side of the Allies. In 1944, part of Latin American countries, in particular Mexico, came out in support of the USSR and the USA. Although the war did not directly affect these states, joining the anti-Hitler coalition was a confirmation of the political position of these countries regarding the inadmissibility of the operation of Nazi Germany. France was able to support the coalition only after the overthrow of the Vichy government in 1944.

Tip 2: How many countries participated in World War II

The most bloody and terrible massacre is not onlyXX century, but the whole history of mankind can safely be called the Second World War. It encompassed, to varying degrees, 62 of the 73 states that existed in those years.

Confrontation between the powers lasted 6 years, itcovered one third of the entire territory of the planet, not only land, but also the sea. Only 11 states maintained their full neutrality throughout the war, but they somehow supported and sympathized with the countries that participated in the armed conflict. The states that fought on the fronts were part of two huge coalitions, the "Axis Countries" (axis: Rome-Berlin-Tokyo), and the countries of the anti-Hitler coalition, which eventually included 59 states.

Axis Countries

The "Axis Countries" coalition was composed of the following states: Germany, Italy, Japan. It was they who unleashed the most terrible war. The initiator of the battles was Germany, its policy and tactics allowed the fascist troops to occupy Austria and the Czech Republic with virtually no battles. With the German attack on Poland on September 1, 1939, the Second World War was counted. Italy took the side of Germany for one reason: its leader, the Duce Mussolini, sympathized with the Hitler regime, but the country did not take an active part in the theater of operations, so there was no threat. Japan took part in hostilities, but it was the Japanese-Chinese war for China's resources. When, on August 6 and 9, 1945, two atomic bombs fell on Japan, she quickly capitulated, realizing the senselessness of further resistance. The Second World War ended.

The Anti-Hitler Coalition

Contribution of the countries of the anti-Hitler coalition to victoryuneven, some states waged active military operations on the fronts, others helped with food and supplied military products. Some countries took part purely nominally, in fact - in any way. The maximum contribution to the defeat of the Nazis was made by the USSR, along with the United States and Great Britain. The USSR was dragged into the war at the time of Germany's attack on its territory, June 22, 1941. And from this date, until May 9, 1945, begins a special period in the Second World War - the Great Patriotic War. The most terrible battles of this period took place on the territory of the USSR. The most terrible of them was the blockade of Leningrad. However, the country survived and since 1943 began an offensive on all fronts. When the fascists were thrown out of the territory of the USSR in 1944, the United States opened a second front in Europe. But this was done not so much for the help of the USSR, since the outcome of the war was already predetermined, but to exclude the spread of communist ideas in the territory of Western Europe.

Losses in the Second World War

The maximum losses were borne by the USSR, the entire Europeanpart of the country was destroyed, cities and villages were destroyed, factories were either bombed or evacuated to the Urals or Siberia. Over 27,000,000 Soviet citizens died, many of them were destroyed in concentration camps. Total destruction was estimated at 128 billion dollars. Germany lost 6,500,000 people, most of them did not return from the eastern front. The destruction in the country was estimated at 48 billion dollars.