The group as a socio-psychological phenomenon
The group as a socio-psychological phenomenon
The group is called the limited in numbercommunity of people, allocated from the social environment. The basis for the division into groups can be various signs, for example, a profession, the nature of activity or class affiliation. In psychology, the group is usually viewed as a socio-psychological phenomenon.
Instructions
1
Any psychological phenomenon is considered inwithin a certain classification. This applies in full to groups as well. They can differ in size, divided into large and small. Occasionally, microgroups are isolated in the study, and only two or three people are included in the studies. One of the psychological characteristics of the group is its status. On this basis, the groups are formal and informal.
2
The classification can be based onfeatures of relationships in the group. This community of people can be conditional or real. Signs of interrelations when considering the socio-psychological status of group members usually become the general nature of the activity, nationality, education, age or gender. Psychologists know that there are fundamental differences between a sports team, a tourist group and a student team.
3
The groups differ from one another inpsychological development, which can be low, medium or high. The first type includes associations of diffuse type and temporary associations. A more developed type includes groups built on the principles of cooperation and autonomy. The highest status in terms of the level of development is the collective.
4
In the diffuse group, a lowcohesion, because there is no unity of values and long-term goals. The association is characterized by the orientation of the members of the group, not so much on the activity, as on the communication of interests. Group values can be present here, but are usually weakly expressed.
5
Another form of organization of the group is cooperation. In it, the efforts of the participants are combined to achieve the goals that are significant for each member of the group. Usually in such associations there is a distribution of roles and responsibilities. The psychological status of members of such a group depends on the level of their competence and ability to perform the duties assigned to them. Autonomy differs from cooperation in a more rigid structure and high cohesion.
6
Team is a group of the highest leveldevelopment. Its members have common goals and perform similar tasks. Usually the landmarks of such a group are not personal or group, but socially useful goals. The collective is characterized by high cohesion, the adoption of a common value system for all, attention to the opinion of each member of the group. Being a socio-psychological phenomenon, the collective becomes the form of organization of people that is most in demand in society.
